Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)

View Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025)

Volume 22, Number 2, issued 19 articles contributed from 4 countries. The articles have been published online since 31 December 2025. The authors' geographical coverage: Indonesia, Bangladesh, Uganda, and Malaysia.

Published: 2025-12-31

Full Issue

Articles

  • Level of medication adherence in study participants with depression at the Surakarta Psychiatric Hospital
    Medication Adherence and Quality of Life in Patients With Depression at Psychiatric Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia
    Tri Yulianti (1), Dinda Caesaria Adha (2)
    (1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, Indonesia
    103-111
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13964
    Abstract View : 21
    PDF downloads: 80
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13964
  • Common hub genes from the three distinct centrality metrics
    Genomics and Network Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Shigella flexneri from Raw Vegetables in Bangladesh for Risk Assessment and Targeted Therapeutic Intervention
    K M Tanjida Islam (1), Shahin Mahmud (2)
    (1) Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh, Bangladesh ,
    (2) Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh, Bangladesh
    112-121
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13565
    Abstract View : 13
    PDF downloads: 27
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13565
  • Table 2. Antibiotic treatment profile of pediatric pneumonia patients
    Identification of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Use of Antibiotics in Pediatric Pneumonia Patients at General Hospital Bengkulu City
    Halwa Balqis Mahardika (1), Dian Handayani (2), Reza Rahmawati (3), Sal Prima Yudha (4)
    (1) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia ,
    (2) Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Borneo Tarakan, Amal Lama street , Tarakan City, Kalimantan Utara, 77115, Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (3) Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia ,
    (4) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Bengkulu, WR. Supratman street, Kandang Limun, Bengkulu city, 38371, Indonesia, Indonesia
    122-132
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.6672
    Abstract View : 25
    PDF downloads: 87
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.6672
  • Figure 4. Shows the concentration of phytochemical compounds of ethanol and aqueous extracts of NASE3 and Magana. Where “a” is not a significant difference, and “b” is a significant difference.
    Chemical profile of Leaves of Magana and NASE3 Varieties of Manihot esculentum Crantz Harvested from Bukedea District, Eastern Uganda
    Joweria Kayendeke (1), Jamilu Edrisa Ssenku (2), Cabral Bilal Kibedi (3), Abdul Walusansa (4), Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning (5), Morita Sari (6)
    (1) Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Islamic University in Uganda, P.O. Box 2555, Mbale, Uganda, Uganda ,
    (2) Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Islamic University in Uganda, P.O. Box 2555, Mbale, Uganda, Uganda ,
    (3) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Habib Medical School, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda, Uganda ,
    (4) Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Habib Medical School, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda., Uganda ,
    (5) Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (6) Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Muhammadiyah, Surakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia
    133-143
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13791
    Abstract View : 12
    PDF downloads: 51
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13791
  • Figure 2. Antioxidant activities of ascorbic acid and methanol extract of V. elaeanigfolia leaves using ABTS (A) and DPPH (B) assays
    Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Content, and Total Flavonoid Content of Methanol Extract of Vernonia elaeagnifolia Leaves Using ABTS and DPPH Assays
    Asti Arum Sari (1), Febri Wulandari (2), Minda Ustavia Adiningsih (3)
    (1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (2) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (3) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia
    144-150
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13498
    Abstract View : 41
    PDF downloads: 80
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13498
  • Figure 1. Melastoma malabathricum leaves
    Antifungal Potential of Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaf Extract against Candida albicans: A Phytochemical Approach
    Dian Mayasari (1), Siska Meiliani (2)
    (1) Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (2) Diploma of Food and Pharmaceutical Analyses, Universitas Abdurrab, Pekanbaru 28291 Indonesia, Indonesia
    151-159
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.10551
    Abstract View : 8
    PDF downloads: 63
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.10551
  • Abstract
    Antibiotic Adjuvants from Natural Resources against Multi-Drug Resistance Bacteria
    Febrimarsa Febrimarsa (1), Lutfiah Hatini (2), Regita Aulia Herabare (3), Revina Gina Sofia (4)
    (1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (2) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (3) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia ,
    (4) Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia
    160-168
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13399
    Abstract View : 12
    PDF downloads: 53
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13399
  • Figure 2. Drug repurposing opportunities in different disease types. Repurposable drugs can be applied to multiple clinical indications, such as hepatic, metabolic, infectious, cardiovascular, oncologic, neurodegenerative, genetic, and obesity-related disorders.
    Drug Repurposing In Modern Drug Discovery: Role of In Silico Study
    K.M. Tanjida Islam (1)
    (1) Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh, Bangladesh
    169-187
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13698
    Abstract View : 40
    PDF downloads: 83
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13698
  • Table 3. Evaluation of therapy
    Evaluation of Antiretroviral and Tuberculosis Therapy Based on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis Co-Infection at Regional General Hospital in Denpasar
    Putu Dian Marani Kurnianta (1), Ni Putu Dewanty Suwirtawati (2), Mahadri Dhrik (3)
    (1) Diploma in Pharmacy Program, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Denpasar, Indonesia ,
    (2) Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, School of Pharmacy Mahaganesha, Denpasar, Indonesia ,
    (3) Diploma in Pharmacy Program, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Denpasar, Indonesia
    188-195
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12652
    Abstract View : 8
    PDF downloads: 33
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12652
  • Table 3. Relationship between tuberculosis patient characteristics and patient adherence in private medical practices in Cirebon City
    Analysis of Anti-Tuberculosis Medication Adherence Among TB Patients in Private Medical Practices in Cirebon City
    Nur Rahmi Hidayati (1), Rinto Susilo (2), Indah Setyaningsih (3)
    (1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon, Indonesia ,
    (2) Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon, Indonesia ,
    (3) Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon, Indonesia
    196-206
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12444
    Abstract View : 19
    PDF downloads: 44
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12444
  • sld
    Optimization of Gel Formulation and Antibacterial Activity against Cutibacterium acnes from Combined Extracts of Caesalpinia sappan and Carthamus tinctorius Using Simplex Lattice Design
    Umi Hani Azizah (1), Ika Yuni Astuti (2), Aktsar Roskiana (3)
    (1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia ,
    (2) Magister Ilmu Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (3) Universitas Muslim Indonesia Makassar, Indonesia
    207-215
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13175
    Abstract View : 42
    PDF downloads: 58
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13175
  • Figure 1. Morphology of Kepel (S. burahol) plant (a) trees, (b) tree trunk, (c) tree trunk with fruit, (d) leaves, (e) fruit, and (f) flesh fruit and seed
    Bioactive Compounds of Stelechocarpus burahol (Kepel) from Indonesia for Future Perspective of Health: A Literature Review
    Endah Wati Zahroh (1), Dian Mayasari (2), Isma Nur Azzizah (3)
    (1) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (2) Division of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (3) Physiotherapy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
    216-229
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.10358
    Abstract View : 47
    PDF downloads: 123
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.10358
  • Abstract
    Fruit and Vegetable Wastes: Review of Nutritional Composition, Antimicrobial Potential, and Sustainable Applications in Malaysia
    Ruma Poddar (1), Jayasree S Kanathasan (2), Idris Adewale Ahmed (3)
    (1) School of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia ,
    (2) School of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia ,
    (3) School of Applied Science, Lincoln University College, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
    230-245
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13799
    Abstract View : 28
    PDF downloads: 68
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13799
  • Figure 2. ABC critical indexes (Aci, Bci, Cci) of Antihypertensive and Antidiabetic Agents
    Controlling Antihypertensive and Antidiabetic Agents Planning with the ABC Critical Index Method: A Case Study in Denpasar City Hospitals
    Agustina Nila Yuliawati (1), Kadek Mita Wulandari Putri (2), Ni Putu Ayu Putri Wikayanti (3), Putu Dian Marani Kurnianta (4)
    (1) Undiknas University, Indonesia ,
    (2) Undiknas University, Indonesia ,
    (3) Undiknas University, Indonesia ,
    (4) Undiknas University, Indonesia
    246-258
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12573
    Abstract View : 2
    PDF downloads: 39
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12573
  • Figure 1. Literature screening and selection process for the narrative methodological review
    A Review of Methodological Standards and Current Practices in Hemolytic Toxicity Testing of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems
    Mubarika Sekarsari Yusuf (1), Naura Nurnahari (2)
    (1) Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Indonesia ,
    (2) Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Indonesia
    259-272
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13229
    Abstract View : 38
    PDF downloads: 53
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13229
  • Figure 1. Appearance and physical stability of CFEO microemulsion (1. Low energy PIC; 2. Low energy spontaneous; 3. High energy PIC; 4. High energy spontaneous)
    Physical Characteristics of Clove Essential Oil Microemulsions: Comparison of PIC and Spontaneous Techniques with High Energy and Low Energy Methods
    Nazih Basuki Nugroho (1), Nining Sugihartini (2), Arif Budi Setianto (3)
    (1) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia ,
    (2) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia ,
    (3) Universitas Ahmad Dahlan , Indonesia
    273-279
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13286
    Abstract View : 41
    PDF downloads: 72
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13286
  • Abstract
    Comparing The Hematological Effects of BPaL/BPaLM Regimens to Those of Standard Regimens in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review
    Satrias Apgar (1), Suryani (2)
    (1) Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Indonesia ,
    (2) Jenderal Achmad Yani University, Indonesia
    280-285
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12071
    Abstract View : 8
    PDF downloads: 59
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.12071
  • Figure 4. Visualization Overlay comparison of GSK redocking results with test compound docking results
    In Silico Analysis of Momordica charantia L. as Antidiabetic Agents of GSK-3β Receptors and It's Antioxidant Activity
    Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi (1), Khairunnisa Khairunnisa (2), Aurelia Nabilla Zuliet (3), Melani Pebriana Putri (4), Paula Mariana Kustiawan (5)
    (1) Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia ,
    (2) Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia ,
    (3) Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, 75124 , Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (4) Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, 75124 , Indonesia, Indonesia ,
    (5) Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, 75124 , Indonesia, Indonesia
    286-297
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13447
    Abstract View : 11
    PDF downloads: 43
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.13447
  • Figure 1. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Test Results
    Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction Parameters and Antibacterial Activity of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium D.C against Cutibacterium acnes
    Eldiza Puji Rahmi (1), Rini Sarah Pasaribu (2), Erna Harfiani (3), Rika Revina (4), Abdi Wira Septama (5)
    (1) Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia ,
    (2) Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia ,
    (3) Department of Pharmacology, Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta, Indonesia ,
    (4) Pharmacy Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta, Indonesia ,
    (5) Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
    298-307
    DOI : 10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.5932
    Abstract View : 12
    PDF downloads: 59
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v22i2.5932