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As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.

  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
  • The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
  • Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
  • The text is single-spaced; uses a 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
  • The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.

Submission File Requirements:

  • Manuscript (Blinded): The main document without author names or affiliations
  • Title Page: Includes author details, affiliations, and corresponding author information, and ORCID IDs (Mandatory for corresponding author but recommended for all authors)
  • Cover Letter: Explains the significance and originality/novelty of the work
  • Figures: High-resolution images (≥300 dpi) in JPEG/PNG/TIFF
  • Tables: Editable format (not images)