Maternal Prenatal Risk Factors and Congenital Heart Disease: a Preliminary Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/bik.v19i2.12788Keywords:
CHD, prenatal, risk factorAbstract
Identifying non-maternal hereditary risk factors of congenital heart disease (CHD) will allow for early detection, perinatal management, prevention, and intervention strategies. Reducing these factors may help decrease perinatal morbidity and improve quality of life. We studied maternal risk factors associated with CHD. A retrospective study was conducted among pregnant mothers referred to the pediatric cardiology clinic at RSAB Harapan Kita from January 2013 to December 2024. Demographics, non-hereditary risk factors, and occurrence of CHD were collected from March 2024 to late December 2024. Regression analysis with IBM SPSS version 20 was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Significance was set as p<0.05. A total of 350 pregnant women aged 18–45 years, and 361 fetuses were included. Fetal and perinatal echocardiography revealed CHD in 242 (67%), while 119 (33%) were normal. Significant maternal risk factors for CHD were age >35 year (OR2.58;95%CI1.38–4.82;p=0.01), grand multiparity (OR8.04;95%CI1.05–61.34;p=0.02), polyhydramnios (OR 4.25;95%CI0.97–18.71;p=0.04), and hypoalbuminemia (OR 7.50;95% CI0.98–56.48; p=0.03). Maternal age>35 years, grand multipara, polyhydramnios, and hypoalbuminemia were positively associated with CHD. This association might be used to predict the suspicion of perinatal CHD and to guide appropriate management.
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