The Meaning of Dukhan and Wardatan Ka-ddihan in Surah Ad-Dukhan (10-11) and Surah Ar-Rahman (37): A Scientific Thematic Study

Authors

  • Ilham Habibullah Universitas Darussalam Gontor
    Indonesia
  • Deki Ridho Adi Anggara Universitas Darussalam Gontor
    Indonesia
  • Mahmud Rifaannudin Universitas Darussalam Gontor
    Indonesia
  • Utari Nur Pratiwi Universitas Darussalam Gontor
    Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23917/qist.v4i2.9164

Keywords:

Dukhān, Wardatan Ka-ddihān, Doomsday, Astronomy

Abstract

This study examines the Quranic terms "Dukhān" and "Wardatan Ka-ddihān" found in Surah Ad-Dukhan (10–11) and Surah Ar-Rahman (37) through a thematic scientific lens. Using a qualitative approach, it bridges classical tafsir (interpretation) with modern astronomical insights. The term "Dukhān" is interpreted as cosmic dust, possibly symbolizing the universe's final phase, while "Wardatan Ka-ddihān" is linked to the explosive death of a star, resembling nebulae such as the Rosette Nebula. These findings suggest that the Quran contains descriptions that align with observable cosmic phenomena, highlighting its relevance to scientific exploration. The research underscores the potential of religious texts to inspire inquiry and deepen understanding of the universe. By integrating faith and science, this study encourages interdisciplinary dialogue and opens new pathways for interpreting sacred texts in light of contemporary knowledge. Ultimately, it contributes to both Quranic scholarship and the broader conversation on the harmony between spirituality and scientific discovery.

References

[1] Z. Annajar, Min Ayat al-I'jaz al-'Ilmi: Al-Sama' Fi al-Qur`an. Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifah, 2007.

[2] N. M. Allailiyah, "Peran Sains dalam Membangun Kualitas Generasi," in vol. 2, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Islam and Science (KIIIS), 2020, p. 235.

[3] Armainingsih, "Studi Tafsir Saintifik: Al-Jawahir fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an Al- Karim Karya Syeikh Tantawi Jauhari," At-Tibyan J. Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir., vol. 1, pp. 94-117, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.32505/at-tibyan.v1i1.34.

[4] N. Baidan, Metodologi Khusus Penelitian Tafsir. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2016.

[5] T. M. Amirin, Menyusun Rencana Penelitian. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 1995.

[6] A. Mustaqim, Metode Penelitian Al-Qur'an Dan Tafsir. Yogyakarta: Idea Press Yogyakarta, 2014.

[7] M. I. A. al-A. al-Qurtubi, Al-Jami' li-Ahkam al-Qur'an. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyyah, 2023.

[8] I. J. al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan 'an Ta'wil Ay al-Qur'an. Cairo: Dar Hajr, 2001.

[9] I. Katsir, Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim, 1st ed. Dar Ibn Hazm, 2023.

[10] A. M. al-H. ibn M. al-F. al-Baghawi, Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl: Tafsir al-Baghawi, 1st ed. Riyadh: Dar Thaybah, 1989.

[11] R. Adriat, "Keterkaitan variasi sinar kosmik dengan tutupan awan," Positron J. Fis., vol. 5, p. 36, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.26418/positron.v5i1.9801.

[12] F. al-D. Al-Razi, Tafsir Al Kabir Wa Mafātiḥ al-Gaib. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr.

[13] M. Al-Ghazālī, Tafsīr al-mawḍūʿī li-suwar al-Qur'ān al-karīm. Cairo: Dār al-Syurūq, 1998.

[14] S. Qutb, Fī ẓilāl al-Qur'ān. Cairo: Dār al-Syurūq., 2003.

[15] Z. An-Najjar, Al-āyāt al-kawniyyah fī al-Qur'ān al-karīm Kairo: Cairo: Dār al-Nasyr lil-Jāmiʿāt, 2006.

[16] N. Thayyarah, Sains dalam Al-Qur'an: Mengerti Mukjizat Ilmiah Firman Allah. Jakarta: Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2013.

[17] A. M. Al-Maraghi, Tafsīr al-Marāghī. Cairo: Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi, 1946.

[18] M. N. Ichwan, Tafsir 'Ilmiy: Memahami al-Qur'an Melalui Pendekatan Sains Modern. Yogyakarta: Menara Kudus, 2004.

[19] I. Katsir, "Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Azhim," Kairo: al-Tawfikiya Bookshop, 2007.

[20] M. Bucaille, Bibel, Qur'an dan Sains Modern. Translated by Prof. Dr. H.M. Rasyidi. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1979.

[21] and S. C. W. Fraknoi, Andrew, David Morrison, Astronomy. Houston, TX: OpenStax, Rice University, 2016. Houston, Texas: OpenStax, sebuah inisiatif dari Rice University, 2016.

[22] S. Z. M. Ramadhan, R., Maulana, S. R., & Ramadhan, "Relativitas waktu penciptaan alam semesta ditinjau dari teori Bigbang dan Surat Hud ayat 7," J. Fis. dan Pendidik. Fis., vol. 4, 2022.

[23] M. A. Hakim, Kiamat. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2006.

[24] & S. Lajuardi, A. M., Yushardi, "Analisis efek rumah kaca serta teknologi penanggulangan efek rumah kaca yang terbarukan.," J. Pendidik. Sains dan Teknol., vol. 2, pp. 975-978, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.47233/jpst.v2i4.1316.

[25] A. H. Sudarmojo, Menyibak Rahasia Sains Bumi dalam Al Qur'an. Bandung: Mizania, 2008.

[26] A. Mesapati, 50 misteri dunia menurut Al-Qur'an. Bandung: Mizan Pustaka, 2014.

[27] Y. Surtiana, "Dibalik fakta dan mitos fenomena Super Blue ‘Blood' Moon," J. Fis. Indones., 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.23887/jfi.v1i1.13972.

[28] M. A. Al-Mubayyadh, Ensiklopedi Akhir Zaman. Surakarta: Granada Mediatama., 2014.

[29] Dedi, Bumi Terancam Hancur. Jakarta: Titik Media, 2013.

[30] A. N. An, M. Mahmudulhassan, M. Muthoifin, W. Waston, S. T. Prakoso, and F. N. Salsabila, "TRAINING ON THE METHODOLOGY OF TAFSIR AL-QUR'AN FOR MADRASAH TEACHERS TO STRENGTHEN MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION," BESIRU J. Pengabdi. Masy., vol. 2, no. 9, pp. 920-932, 2025.

[31] F. N. Salsabila and A. N. AN, "Pendekatan Komtemporer untuk Penafsiran Al-Qur'an," Insight Mediat., vol. 212, 2024.

[32] A. Qibtiyah, W. Andeska, and A. Salsabila, "Islamic Jurisprudence on Women Reproductive Health (Indonesian Review)," Indones. J. Islam. Econ. Law, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 69-82, Feb. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.23917/ijoel.v2i1.6957.

[33] R. Fariadi, A. Ikasari, and S. Nafiza, "Manhaj Tarjih: Navigating Ijtihad in The Disruption Era," Indones. J. Islam. Econ. Law, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 29-42, Feb. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.23917/ijoel.v2i1.7044.

[34] Andri Nirwana and Kuswardani Dyah Ayu Kusumaningrum, "Kurma, Gandum, dan Energi: Sains Gizi dalam Tafsir Ayat-Ayat Al-Qur'an," Reslaj Relig. Educ. Soc. Laa Roiba J., vol. 7, no. 8, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.47467/reslaj.v7i8.9465.

[35] A. I. Hartafan, A. Nirwana AN, and C. L. Marheni, "BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC PSYCHOLOGY BASED ON QUR'AN IN OVERCOMING ANXIETY AND IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH AMONG WOMEN," QiST J. Quran Tafseer Stud., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 303-326, Mar. 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.23917/qist.v3i2.5042.

[36] A. N. AN, K. D. A. Kusumaningrum, T. Susilo, H. E. Lumbantobing, and M. T. Ihsan, "PEMBINAAN IBADAH BAGI KARYAWAN RUMAH SAKIT MUHAMMADIYAH SELOGIRI SESUAI PUTUSAN TARJIH MUHAMMADIYAH PADA KEGIATAN BAITUL ARQAM," Empower. J., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 149-158, 2025.

[37] K. D. A. Kusumaningrum and A. Nirwana, "Exploring Global Trends in Waqf Law: Insights from a Bibliometric Study," in Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Boarding School, 2025.

[38] L. Afandi and M. M. Abd Razzak, "The progress of the quranic scientific exegesis in South-East Asia," AlBayan, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 228-256, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22321969-12340104.

[39] N. Syamimi Mohd, H. Hussin, and W. Wan Abdullah, "Scientific exegesis in Malay Qur'anic commentary," Asian Soc. Sci., vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 236-242, 2014, doi: https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v10n10p236.

[40] L. A. Mutalib, W. A. F. W. Wan Ismail, A. S. Baharuddin, M. F. Mohamed, A. H. A. Murad, and K. A. Wafa, "Scientific exegesis of al-quran and its relevance in dealing with contemporary issues: An appraisal on the book of ‘al-jawahir fi tafsir al-quran al-karim," Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng., vol. 8, no. 2 Special Issue 11, pp. 575-581, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.B1089.0982S1119.

[41] S. Naguib, "The hermeneutics of miracle: Evolution, Eloquence, and the Critique of Scientific Exegesis in the Literary School of tafsīr. Part I: From Muhammad 'Abduh to amīn al-Khūlī," J. Qur'anic Stud., vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 57-88, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2019.0399.

[42] Z. I. Ansari, "Scientific Exegesis of the Qur'an," J. Qur'anic Stud., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 91-104, 2001, doi: https://doi.org/10.3366/jqs.2001.3.1.91.

[43] O. Bakar, "The Qur'ān's Opening Chapter: Its Epistemological Significance for Scientific Exegesis," Al-Shajarah, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 247-298, 2024, [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216495726&partnerID=40&md5=68024efbc7d87c9c0d648a2944ee2704

[44] M. Daneshgar, "An Approach to Science in the Quran," Oriente Mod., vol. 95, no. 1-2, pp. 32-66, 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340076.

[45] M. Mir, "Scientific Exegesis of the Qur'ān-A Viable Project?," Youngstown State University, Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Youngstown, United States: Taylor and Francis, 2017, pp. 443-452. doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315242187-37.

[46] M. Iqbal, M. Ali Rezaei Asfahani, and H. Reza Tousi, "PRESUPPOSITIONS AND LEVELS OF UNDERSTANDING IN SCIENTIFIC EXEGESIS: Insights from Indonesian Quranic Scholars," Miqot J. Ilmu-ilmu Keislam., vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 246-261, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.30821/miqot.v48i2.1262.

[47] M. G. García Fernández, "Scientific Exegesis and Dogmatic Theology," Estud. Ecles., vol. 97, no. 381-382, pp. 275-382, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.14422/ee.v97.i381-382.y2022.001.

[48] M. Khan and E. E. Schlee, "Textual and Scientific Exegesis: George Stigler and Method in Economic Science," Johns Hopkins University, Department of Economics, Baltimore, United States: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, pp. 649-719. doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56815-1_21.

[49] R. B. A. H. Osman and N. A. Siddiqui, "A novel critique on ‘the scientific miracle of Qur'ān philosophy': An inter-civilization debate," Intellect. Discourse, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 705-727, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062804155&partnerID=40&md5=0b625c744ce6ed38e25fd51af54c281e

[50] K. Wood, "The Scientific Exegesis of the Qur'an: A Systematic Look," Taylor and Francis, 2017, pp. 477-485. doi: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315242187-39.

[51] A. Y. M. Mohd Noor, "The intellect of traditional Muslim theologians in dealing with the scientific exegesis," Int. J. Humanit., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 101-110, 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9508/cgp/v09i11/43390.

[52] N. Guessoum, "The Qur'an, science, and the (related) contemporary Muslim discourse," Zygon, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 411-431, 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9744.2008.00925.x.

Downloads

Submitted

2025-03-15

Accepted

2025-10-02

Published

2025-10-04

How to Cite

Habibullah, I., Anggara, D. R. A., Rifaannudin, M., & Pratiwi, U. N. (2025). The Meaning of Dukhan and Wardatan Ka-ddihan in Surah Ad-Dukhan (10-11) and Surah Ar-Rahman (37): A Scientific Thematic Study. QiST: Journal of Quran and Tafseer Studies, 4(2), 591–610. https://doi.org/10.23917/qist.v4i2.9164

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): August

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Ilham Habibullah, Deki Ridho Adi Anggara, Mahmud Rifaannudin, Utari Nur Pratiwi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.