Ethics and Malpractice

Introduction
Duties of Authors
Duties of Editors
Duties of Reviewers
Authorship and Contributorship
Complaints and Appeals
Competing Interest
Data Sharing and Reproducibility
Intellectual Property (Copyright Policy)
Ethical Guideline (Ethical Oversight)
Post-publication discussions and corrections

Introduction

Journal of Research and Advances in Mathematics Education (JRAMathEdu) is a scholarly international journal that is open access and peer-reviewed. Its primary objective is to foster academic discourse among researchers in the field of mathematics education. This statement elucidates the ethical conduct of all parties involved in the publication of an article in this journal, including the author, the chief editor, the Editorial Board, the peer reviewers, and the publisher (Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta), in order to address allegations of research misconduct. This claim is predicated on the most recent revisions of the Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors, which were published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Ethical Standards for Journal Production

The publication of an article in a peer-reviewed journal is an essential element in the development of a reputable and well-organized knowledge network. It is indicative of the quality of the writers' work and the organizations that provide them with support. Peer-reviewed publications uphold and represent the scientific process. Consequently, it is imperative that all parties involved in the publication process—the author, the journal editor, the peer reviewer, the publisher, and the society—agree on specific ethical standards.
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, the publisher of JRAMathEdu, is exceedingly serious about its guardianship responsibilities during all phases of publication. Additionally, we are cognizant of our ethical obligations and other responsibilities. We pledge to ensure that commercial revenue, whether from advertising, reprints, or other sources, does not influence editorial decisions. Furthermore, the Editorial Board and Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta will provide assistance in facilitating interactions with other journals and publishers as needed.

Duties of Authors

Reporting Requirements

Reports on original research require authors who can accurately describe the conducted work and objectively evaluate its relevance. The study should accurately represent the underlying data. A paper should contain sufficient information and citations to enable others to replicate the work. False or intentionally inaccurate statements are strictly prohibited as they constitute unscrupulous conduct.

Data Retention, Reproducibility, and Availability

The authors must provide the raw data associated with an article for editorial review. If feasible, they must be prepared to retain the data on file for a reasonable period of time after publication and to make it accessible to the public. The authors are accountable for the data's repeatability.

Plagiarism and Originality

The writers are required to ensure that their works are entirely original, and if they have borrowed ideas or words from others, they must properly credit or quote them.

Publication that is concurrent, redundant, or multiple

In general, it is not advisable for an author to submit the same study to multiple journals or major publications. Concurrently submitting the same paper to numerous publications is an unscrupulous and inappropriate publishing practice.

Source Acknowledgment

Always acknowledge the contributions of others and provide credit where it is deserved. The authors should acknowledge the nature of the reported work in their citations of significant publications.

Conflict of interest and transparency

All authors are required to disclose any financial or other substantial conflicts of interest that could potentially influence the findings or interpretation of a paper in their publication. It is imperative to disclose all funding sources for the endeavor.

Basic mistakes in published work

The author is obligated to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher of any significant errors or inaccuracies in their published work and to work with the editor to either retract or rectify the piece.

Ethical Review

The author is required to explicitly identify any drugs, people, animals, techniques, or apparatus in the paper that have exceptional risks inherent in their usage to comply with the ethical standards for research involving human and animal subjects. Upon request, authors are required to submit evidence of their legal and ethical authorization from a reputable organization or group.
The authors are required to provide an explanation as to whether or not the study will securely conceal any sensitive data or information if it includes commercial or marketing strategies.

Duties of Editors

Publication Decisions

Editors ensure that a minimum of two experts in the field peer review all manuscripts submitted for publication. Based on the validation of the work in question, its significance to researchers and readers, the reviewers' comments, and the current legal requirements regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism, the principal editor is responsible for determining which of the manuscripts submitted to the journal will be published. In the process of making this determination, the editor may consult other editors or reviewers.

Fair Play

Editors evaluate submitted manuscripts solely on the basis of their academic merit (importance, originality, validity of the study, clarity) and their relevance to the journal's scope, without consideration of the author's race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic origin, citizenship, religious belief, political philosophy, or institutional affiliation. The policies of governments or any other agencies outside of the journal do not determine the decisions to edit and publish. The principal editor is responsible for the complete editorial content of the journal and the schedule of its publication.

Confidentiality

Editors and editorial personnel are prohibited from disclosing any information regarding a submitted manuscript to any individual other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

Without the author's explicit written consent, editors will not utilize unpublished information disclosed in a submitted manuscript for their research. By managing the manuscript, editors will gain access to privileged information or ideas, which they will keep confidential and not exploit for personal gain. Editors will not review manuscripts if they have conflicts of interest due to relationships with authors, companies, or institutions. Rather, they will refer the manuscript to another member of the editorial board.

Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to editorial judgments

The editor benefits from peer review when making editorial decisions, and the author may also benefit from it when enhancing the article through editorial interactions with the author.

Promptness

In the event that referees are unable to evaluate the research detailed in a submission or are aware that the review will not be completed in a timely manner, they are obligated to inform the editor and resign from the review process.

Confidentially

Manuscripts submitted for review must be treated as confidential materials. They are inaccessible to or discussed with any other individual unless the editor has granted permission.

Objectiveness Standards

Reviews must be conducted with impartiality. It is not permissible to engage in personal criticism of the author. Referees must express their opinions in a persuasive and clear manner.

Sources Acknowledgments

Reviewers are responsible for identifying relevant published works that the authors have neglected to acknowledge. A reference should be provided to substantiate any assertion that a specific observation, deduction, or argument has been previously published. Please inform the editor of any substantial overlap or similarity between the manuscript under consideration and any other published material of which the reviewer is aware.

Transparency and Potential Conflicts of Interest

The privacy of peer-reviewed ideas or information must be maintained, and it must not be exploited for personal gain. Reviewers should not consider submissions that are competitive, cooperative, or otherwise associated with any of the authors, enterprises, or organizations associated with the papers.

Authorship and Contributorship

This policy ensures that authors who have made substantial contributions to the intellectual content of an article are recognized and that they are cognizant of their obligations to assume responsibility for the published work.

Authorship

The following criteria are employed to ascertain authorship:

1. Making a substantial contribution to the concept or design of the work
2. Acquiring, assessing, or interpreting data for the purpose of the project
3. Writing the work or critically refining it to identify significant intellectual content
4. A commitment to take responsibility for all aspects of the work, including the final approval of the version to be published, and the assurance that any concerns regarding the integrity or veracity of any portion of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Submitting author

The submitting author is primarily responsible for submitting the article to the journal using our manuscript submission system and for communicating with the journal throughout the article submission, peer review, and revision process. They ensure that the journal's administrative obligations are satisfactorily fulfilled. These encompass, but are not restricted to, the collection of conflict of interest forms and statements, the provision of authorship details, the sanction of the ethics committee, and the documentation of clinical trial registration. Although one or more co-authors may delegate these responsibilities, the submitting author bears sole responsibility for them.
When submitting your article through our submission system, you must provide the name, email address, and institutional affiliation of all author contributors. The final published article will contain the author names, institutions, and addresses, which will be derived from the completed portions rather than the Word document that was submitted.
At the time of the research/article's composition, affiliations should correspond to the institutions in which the work was conducted. A confirmation email is sent to all author contributors immediately upon the submission of an article and the subsequent rendering of a final decision.

Corresponding author

The corresponding author is predominantly accountable for the completion of all necessary actions following the acceptance of the manuscript and for maintaining communication with the journal and readers after publication. The corresponding author will receive all communications from JRAMathEdu. We maintain a single corresponding author in our system for the purpose of email correspondence and the publication of the article.

AI Authors

In the event that any content is submitted for publication, JRAMathEdu will not acknowledge AI technologies as authors. JRAMathEdu exclusively recognizes humans as capable of authorship as a result of their responsibility to be accountable for their work.

Alteration to Authorship

If their affiliation changed during the work, the author can identify their current affiliation, the affiliation at the time the work was conducted, or both. The acknowledgements section can provide further clarification regarding the change in affiliation.
The authorization of any change in authors that occurs after the initial submission and before publication is required from all authors. This pertains to amendments, deletions, changes in the order of the authors' names, or modifications to the attribution of contributions. If any modifications are made, the editor must be notified. The editor is authorized to contact any of the authors and contributors to ascertain whether they have given their consent to any modifications.

Contributorship Statement

Contributorship statements must be included in all submitted articles, which should specify the individual contributions to the planning, execution, and reporting of the work described in the article. A contributorship statement should include authors, non-authors, and group authors (collaborators). The contributorship statement should offer a lucid account of contributors who have made substantial contributions to the paper but whose contributions do not warrant authorship.
This space is also the appropriate location to include contributions from participants or members of the public who have served as research volunteers, including their names and specific responsibilities. We strongly advocate for authors to include a comprehensive acknowledgement of the public and participants' contributions to their research, as appropriate.
To be included in the paper, all individuals named in the contributorship statement must grant permission, as readers may infer their endorsement of the data and conclusions. The author submitting the work bears the responsibility of obtaining permission and providing evidence if necessary.
The contributorship statement must explicitly identify the individual responsible for the overall content as the guarantor. Having access to the data and control over the publication decision, the guarantor assumes full responsibility for the completed work and the study's execution.

Acknowledgements

The paper may end with an acknowledgments statement listing those who contributed to the research but were not recognized, as well as personal thanks. It is highly recommended that authors obtain permission from all acknowledged individuals before submitting to any JRAMathEdu, as acknowledgment may be interpreted as endorsement of a study's data and conclusions by acknowledgment recipients.

Complaints and Appeals

JRAMathEdu shall utilize a well-defined system to address complaints regarding the journal, its editorial staff, editorial board, or publisher. We will clarify the complaints to respectable individuals within the context of the complaint situation. A complaint may pertain to any aspect of the journal business process, such as the editing process, unethical editors/reviewers, peer review manipulation, and so forth. The complaints will be resolved in accordance with COPE standards. Given this, JRAMathEdu has appointed legal professionals with expertise in intellectual property rights to serve as its Ethics Advisory Board.

Competing Interest

To make the most informed decision possible regarding the manuscript, the journal editor should be informed of any competing interests that the authors may have. We do not intend to eradicate competing interests, as they are virtually inevitable. We will not reject papers solely on the basis of the authors' competing interests; however, these interests will be disclosed in the publicly published paper. Authors are required to disclose the following information:
• Authors must disclose their associations with commercial entities that provided financial support for the research detailed in their submission.
• They must disclose any financial connections with their spouse or children under the age of 18.
• Any non-financial affiliations relevant to the submitted manuscript should also be considered.
• They should disclose any affiliations with commercial entities that could potentially have an interest in the subject matter of the submitted manuscript.

Data Availability Statement

All research articles submitted to JRAMathEdu are required to include a data availability statement. Authors are kindly asked to select at least one of the standardized Data Availability Statements text options below in bold as applicable upon submission and to provide supplementary information as specified in the guidance below. Authors may select multiple statements when data is accessible under various circumstances. These statements will be incorporated into the footnotes section of the final published article under the title "Data Availability Statement." The data is accessible through a public, open-access repository.
Kindly provide the name of the repository, the persistent URL, and any limitations on reuse (e.g., embargo, license). The text and reference list should cite all publicly available data used in an article, regardless of whether it was generated by the author(s) or other researchers. You can access the data upon reasonable request.
Please provide the following information: the nature of the data (e.g., deidentified participant data), the source from which it is available, the publishable contact details (e.g., a generic lab email address or an individual's ORCID identifier—please ensure you have permission), and the conditions under which reuse is permissible. Is there any additional information available, such as statistical analysis plans or protocols?
Data may be acquired from a third party and is not publicly accessible.
Please provide the following information: the nature of the data (e.g., deidentified participant data), the source from which it is available, the publishable contact details (e.g., a generic lab email address or an individual's ORCID identifier—please ensure you have permission), and the conditions under which reuse is permissible. Is there any additional information available, such as statistical analysis plans or protocols?
The article either contains all relevant data for the investigation or is submitted as supplementary information.

Intellectual Property (Copyright Policy)

The work is simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the authorship and initial publication in this journal. However, the authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication.
Authors have the option to establish distinct, supplementary contractual agreements that permit the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., posting it to an institutional repository or publishing it in a book) with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to publish their work online (e.g., on their website or in institutional repositories) before and during the submission process. This practice can result in productive exchanges and earlier and more extensive citations of published work.

Ethical Guideline (Ethical Oversight)

Ethical oversight should encompass policies regarding consent to publication, publication on vulnerable populations, ethical conduct of research using animals, ethical conduct of research using human subjects, handling confidential data, and ethical business/marketing practices, as per the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). The JRAMathEdu dedicates itself to evaluating appeals pertaining to our authors' non-observance of ethical principles.

Research Involving Human Subjects

Authors must include a statement that the studies have been approved by the appropriate institutional and national research ethics committee and have been conducted in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/medical-ethics/declaration-of-helsinki/), revised in 2013, and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards, when reporting studies that involve human participants.
If there is any doubt about whether the research followed the 1975 Helsinki Declaration or similar standards, the authors must explain their methods and show that the independent ethics committee or institutional review board approved the parts of the study that are in question. The article's "Ethical Approval" section should at the very least include a statement that specifies the project identification code, date of approval, and name of the ethics committee or institutional review board.
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was endorsed by the Ethics Committee of XXX (Project identification code). All subjects provided informed consent for inclusion prior to participating in the study.

Post-publication discussions and corrections

JRAMathEdu appreciates reader feedback and corrections on previously published articles. A reader has the option to submit an email to the editor-in-chief with comments and corrections regarding an article that has already been published. If accepted, the editor-in-chief will publish the comments and revisions as a letter to the editor in the subsequent edition. The editor in chief may be contacted by esteemed writers to respond to suggestions from readers and revisions. If appropriate, the response may be published as a response to a letter to the editor.