Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and Its Association with Consciousness Level and Mortality among Pneumonia Patients in the Intensive Care Unit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/bik.v19i2.13015Keywords:
Pneumonia, Patient Acuity, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Neutrophils, LymphocytesAbstract
Pneumonia causes an intense inflammatory response involving neutrophils and lymphocytes, and the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is increasingly recognized as a marker of disease severity. Such inflammatory processes, together with hypoxia, may impair consciousness and increase the risk of death. This study aimed to examine the association between NLR, level of consciousness, and mortality in pneumonia patients admitted to the intensive care unit. A cross-sectional analytical study with a retrospective approach was conducted using medical records of patients admitted to the intensive care unit between November 2023 and June 2024. Of the 432 patients assessed for eligibility, 248 were included using a census sampling approach. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho correlation and Fisher's Exact Test.a of 248 patients hospitalized. The results showed a significant negative correlation between NLR and level of consciousness (p < 0.001, r = - 0.663). Furthermore, NLR was significantly associated with mortality (p-value < 0.001). In conclusion, higher NLR is associated with impaired consciousness and increased mortality in pneumonia patients, suggesting its potential as a predictor of poor outcomes in critical care. These findings highlight the importance of nurses in early monitoring of NLR values to support timely interventions, improve surveillance, and reduce adverse outcomes in pneumonia patients
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