Stress and Sleep Quality among the Elderly During The COVID-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/bik.v16i1.1260Keywords:
Elderly, Stress, Sleep quality, Covid-19Abstract
Elderly is someone who has reached the age of 60 years and over. Stress experienced by the elderly affects life and has an impact on various problems such as difficulty sleeping, discomfort, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. The quality of sleep in the elderly has several aspects such as sleep duration, sleep literacy, and subjective aspects of sleep. In the government program during the Covid-19 pandemic, the Lockdown program was issued, so that the elderly have limited space for movement, are indifferent to others, and fear being exposed to COVID-19. The research objectiveis is determine the relationship between stress and sleep quality in the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research uses an analytical observational cross-sectional approach. The sample obtained as many as 111 respondents by means of convenience sampling. This study shows the most stress level is moderate stress (45.9%), most respondents' sleep quality level is good sleep quality (94.6%), the subjective sleep quality level is mostly adequate poor (45.0%), the longest respondent's sleep duration is <5 hours (40.5%), the respondent's sleep latency is at most 31-60 minutes (76.6%), the most respondent's sleep efficiency is >85% (67.6% ), the most respondents' sleep disorders were 10-18 (71.2%), the most respondents' sleep dysfunction was 3-4 (57.7%), the respondents had never used sleeping pills in the last month (92.8%), and there was a significant relationship between stress and sleep quality in the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic with a p-value = 0.001. There is a significant relationship between stress and sleep quality in the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic, so it is hoped that the puskesmas such as the person in charge of the elderly at the Senen Subdistrict Health Center will carry out activities or socialization to the elderly regarding improving sleep quality and ways to deal with stress.
Downloads
References
Adisasmito, W. (2020). The risk of death from COVID-19 is affected by age and history (Risiko kematian COVID-19 dipengaruhi usia dan riwayat) https://covid19.go.id/p/berita/risiko-kematian-covid-19-dipengaruhi-usia-dan-riwayat-komorbid.
Agil Yosa, D. (2019). The relationship between loneliness and sleep quality in the elderly in Wonoyoso Village, Pringapus District, Semarang Regency (Hubungan kesepian dengan kualitas tidur pada lanjut usia di Desa Wonoyoso Kecamatan Pringapus Kabupaten Semarang).
Amir., C. D. (2021). Levels of Depression, Anxiety, Stress in the Elderly During the Covid-19 Pandemic (Tingkat Depresi, Ansietas, Stres Pada Lansia Selama Pandemi Covid-19). JIM FKep Volume V No. 3.
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds III, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry research, 28(2), 193-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Chayatin, M. M., W. (2007). Basic human needs (Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia). Jakarta: EGC.
Dewi, P. A. C. (2022). Description of the stress level of the elderly during the corona virus disease-19 pandemic (Gambaran tingkat stres lansia pada masa pandemi corona virus disease-19). Vol 5 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Medika Usada. https://doi.org/10.54107/medikausada.v5i1.129
Ellis, B. W., Johns, M. W., Lancaster, R., Raptopoulos, P., Angelopoulos, N., & Priest, R. G. (1981). The St. Mary's Hospital sleep questionnaire. a study of reliability. Sleep, 4(1), 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/4.1.93
Guslinda, F., N., & Minropa, A. (2020). Factors related to the level of anxiety of the elderly during the Covid 19 pandemic (Faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan lansia pada masa pandemi covid 19). Jurnal Keperawatan,12(4), 1079–1088.
Henry, J. D., & Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short?form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS?21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non?clinical sample. British journal of clinical psychology, 44(2), 227-239. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505X29657
Heri, Layun, M., Rusdi, R., & Ain, A. (2021). Gambaran Kualitas Tidur Yang Terjadi Pada Lansia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Nirwana Puri Samarinda Pada Era Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Keperawatan Wiyata, 2(1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.35728/jkw.v2i1.430
Hidayat, A. (2018). Introduction to basic human needs edition 2-book 2 (Pengantar Kebutuhan dasar manusia edisi 2-buku 2).
Hidayat, H., Ade. (2016). The Relationship between Stress Levels and Sleep Quality in Elderly in Joho Hamlet, Condong Catur Village, Depok, Sleman (Hubungan Tingkat Stres Dengan Kualitas Tidur Lansia Di Dusun Joho Desa Condong Catur Depok Sleman). Yogyakarta. : Progam Studi Ilmu Keeperawatan Sties Jendral Achmad Yani Yogyakata.
Hindriyastuti. (2018). Stress Levels with Quality of Sleep for Elderly in Rw 1, Connect Village, Kudus Regency (Tingkat Stres Dengan Kualitas Tidur Lansia Di Rw 1 Desa Sambung Kabupaten Kudus). Jurnal keperawatan. https://doi.org/10.31596/jkm.v6i1.244
Ida Suryawati, N. F., Nurul A'la. (2021). The relationship between stress and sleep quality in the elderly (Hubungan stres dan kualitas tidur pada lansia).
Indriana, Y., Kristiana, I. F., Sonda, A., & Intanirian, A. (2010). The stress level of the elderly in the “pucang ivory” nursing home in Semarang (Tingkat stres lansia di panti wredha “pucang gading” semarang). Jurnal Psikologi Undip, 8(2).
Jenau, S. B., & Betan, Y. (2021). The Effect of Breathing Meditation on Elderly Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic at UPTD Budi Agung Kupang (Pengaruh Meditasi Pernapasan Terhadap Stres Lansia Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19 di UPTD Budi Agung Kupang). CHMK HEALTH JOURNAL, 5(3),.
Karisnatuti, D., & Latifah, E. W. (2021). Effects of Stressor Socioeconomic Factors, and Elderly Coping Strategies on Elderly Stress During the Covid-19 Pandemic (Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Stressor,Dan Strategi Koping Lansia Terhadap Stres Lansia Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19). Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga & Konsumen.https://doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2021.14.3.241
Karota, B., Evi. (2005). Sleep Quality and Sleep Disturbance Factors of Elderly Clients Hospitalized in Internal Medicine Hospital, Medan 2003 (Kualitas Tidur Dan Faktor-faktor Gangguan Tidur Klien Lanjut Usia Yang Dirawat Inap Di ruangan Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit, Medan 2003). Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, Volume 9, No.2, September 2005; 41-47.
Kemenkes, R. I. (2020). Buletin SDM Kesehatan Edisi April.
Khasanah, K., & Handayani, W. (2012). Sleep Quality for Elderly Social Rehabilitation Center "MANDIRI" Semarang (Kualitas Tidur Lansia Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial “MANDIRI” Semarang). Jurnal Keperawatan Diponegoro, 190.
Khasanah, K., & Handayani, W. (2012). Kualitas Tidur Lansia Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial “MANDIRI” Semarang. Jurnal Keperawatan Diponegoro, 1(1), 189-196. Retrieved from https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jnursing/article/view/449
Manabung. (2010). factors related to the psychosocial stress of the elderly in the Tresna Werdha Ilomata Social Institution, Gorontalo City (faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan stres piskosoisal lansia di panti sosial tresna werdha Ilomata Kota Gorontalo).
Mugihartadi, S. (2020). The Effect of Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Therapy on Reducing Anxiety Levels in the Elderly During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Pengaruh Terapi Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecemasan Pada Lansia Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19). Nursing Science Journal (NSJ), 1(2), 38–47., 66. https://doi.org/10.53510/nsj.v1i2.43
Musfiati. (2015). The relationship between stress levels and sleep quality of the elderly at the Tresna Wredha Social Institution, Budi Mulia Unit, Yogyakarta (hubungan tingkat stres dengan kualitas tidur lansia di panti sosial tresna wredha unit budi luhur Yogyakarta).
Perrotta, P., Corbi, G., Mazzeo, G., Boccia, M.,Aronne, L., Agnano, V., et al. (2020). Covid-19 and the elderly : insight into pathoghenesis and clinical decision making. Aging Clinical andExperimental Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-020-01631-y
Phil, A. S. M. (2016). Overview of Community Perceptions of Disasters in Indonesia (Gambaran Umum Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Bencana Di Indonesia)
Prayitno. (2016). stress management concept (konsep manajemen stres)
Rahman, S. (2016). Factors underlying stress in the elderly (Faktor-faktor yang mendasari stres pada lansia). Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan UPI, 16(1), 124302. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpp.v16i1.2480
Ranti, A S. (2022). Factors Affecting Elderly Mental Health During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia (Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kesehatan Mental Lansia Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Indonesia) Jurnal Syntax Admiration. https://doi.org/10.55122/jabisi.v2i2.264
Silvanasari, I. (2012). Factors Associated with Poor Sleep Quality in the Elderly in Wonojati Village, Jenggawah District, Jember Regency (Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kualitas Tidur Yang Buruk Pada Lansia Di Desa Wonojati Kecamatan Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember). Jember : . Progam Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Jember.
Smyth, C. (2012a). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Smyth, C. (2012b). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Sofiana, E. (2014). The Relationship between Stress Levels and the Incidence of Insomnia in the Elderly in Tahunan Village, Jepara Regency (Hubungan Tingkat Stres Dengan Kejadian Insomnia Pada Lansia di Desa Tahunan Kabupaten Jepara). Kudus. Ilmu Keperawatan STIKES Cendekia Utama Kudus.
Susilo A, R., C. M, Pitoyo, C.W. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019: Review of Current Literatures. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v7i1.415
Vannini, P., Gagliardi, G. P., Kuppe, M., Dossett, M. L., Donovan, N. J., Gatchel, J. (2021). Stress, resilience, and coping strategies in a sample of community-dwelling older adults during COVID-19. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 138(4), 176–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.050.
Viranata, W., Yuniarti, T., & Safitri, D. W. (2021). The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stress Levels in the Elderly (Case Study of Manang Village) (Pengaruh Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Tingkat Stress Pada Lansia (Studi Kasus Desa Manang)). Semina rInformasi Kesehatan Nasional.
WHO. (2020). Depression: definition. World Health Organization.
Yuliana. (2020). Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19);Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur. Wellness and Healthy Magazine, 2(1), 187-192. https://doi.org/10.30604/well.95212020
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Bella Bella, Santa Maria Pangaribuan, Sri Hunun Widiastuti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
