Apakah Incremental Innovation dan Internal Motivation Mampu Memediasi Pengaruh Ethical Leadership terhadap Kinerja Karyawan? (Studi Empiris IKM di Kabupaten Klaten)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/sosial.v3i1.618Keywords:
etika kepemimpinan, performa pekerja, inovasi inkremental, motivasi internalAbstract
Motivasi internal merupakan sesuatu yang harus dimiliki oleh individu-individu dalam perusahaan. Motivasi internal adalah dorongan yang datang dari dalam diri seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu. Pemimpin juga harus memiliki etika karena pemimpin harus menjadi panutan bagi bawahannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan etis terhadap kinerja karyawan dan inovasi inkremental dengan motivasi internal sebagai variabel intervening. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) di Kabupaten Klaten dengan sampel sebanyak 192 responden. Sesuai dengan kerangka teori yang dibangun, maka alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Smart PLS. hasil penelitian ini antara lain. kepemimpinan etis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. kepemimpinan etis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inovasi inkremental. kepemimpinan etis berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi internal. motivasi internal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. motivasi internal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inovasi inkremental. Motivasi internal dapat memediasi secara positif dan signifikan antara etika kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Motivasi internal dapat memediasi secara positif dan signifikan antara kepemimpinan etis dan inovasi tambahan. Keterbatasan penelitian ini adalah hanya menggunakan 2 variabel terikat sehingga ruang lingkup penelitian tidak cukup luas. Peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat menggunakan variabel lain seperti inovasi radikal yang akan menambah hasil penelitian yang bervariasi dan mengetahui perubahan inovasi secara besar-besaran pada suatu perusahaan.
Downloads
References
Afsar, B., Masood, M., & Umrani, W. A. (2019). The role of job crafting and knowledge sharing on the effect of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior. Personnel Review, 48(5), 1186–1208. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-04-2018-0133
Al-Ahmad Chaar, S., & Easa, N. F. (2021). Does transformational leadership matter for innovation in banks? The mediating role of knowledge sharing. International Journal of Disruptive Innovation in Government, 1(1), 36–57. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdig-04-2020-0002
Ali Chughtai, A. (2016). Can ethical leaders enhance their followers’ creativity?. Leadership, 12(2), 230-249.
Ali, M., Usman, M., Pham, N. T., Agyemang-Mintah, P., & Akhtar, N. (2020). Being ignored at work: Understanding how and when spiritual leadership curbs workplace ostracism in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 91, 102696.
Amabile, T.M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J. and Herron, M. (1996), “Assessing the work environment for creativity”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 39 No. 5, pp. 1154-1184.
Anwar, P. hardiyanti, Mediaty, & Harryanto. (n.d.). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Beretika , Self Efficacy Terhadap Perilaku Kerja Auditor Pada Kantor Bpk-Ri Sulawesi Selatan : Perspektif Motivasi Intrinsik the Effect of Ethical Leadership , Self Efficacy on Auditors ’ Work Behavior At the Office of Bpk-Ri South S.
Asbari, M., Santoso, P. B., & Purwanto, A. (2019). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Perilaku Kerja Inovatif pada Industri 4.0. Jim UPB, 8(1), 7–15. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.33884/jimupb.v8i1.1562
Babalola, M. T., Stouten, J., Euwema, M. C., & Ovadje, F. (2018). The relation between ethical leadership and workplace conflicts: The mediating role of employee resolution efficacy. Journal of Management, 44(5), 2037-2063.
Barak, M., & Usher, M. (2019). The innovation profile of nanotechnology team projects of face-to-face and online learners. Computers & Education, 137, 1-11.
Brown, M.E. and Mitchell, M.S. (2010), “Ethical and unethical leadership: exploring new venues for future research”, Business Ethics Quarterly, Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 583-616.
Brown, M.E., Trevino, L.K. and Harrison, D.A. (2005), “Ethical leadership: a social learning perspective for construct development and testing”, Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes, Vol. 97 No. 2, pp. 117-134
Brown, M.E. and Trevino, L.K. (2006), ~ “Ethical leadership: a review and future directions”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 17 No. 6, pp. 595-616. Brown, M.E., Trevino, L.K. and Harrison, D.A. (2005), ~ “Ethical leadership: a social learning perspective for construct development and testing”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 97 No. 2, pp. 117-134, doi: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002.
Byun, G., Karau, S. J., Dai, Y., & Lee, S. (2018). A three-level examination of the cascading effects of ethical leadership on employee outcomes: A moderated mediation analysis. Journal of Business Research, 88, 44-53.
Casali, G. L., & Day, G. E. (2019). Ethical leadership. Leading and Managing Health Services: An Australasian Perspective, 30–40. https://doi.org/10.1177/097168580701300204
Budur, T., & Demir, A. (2019). Leadership perceptions based on gender, experience, and education. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 6(1), 142-154.
Darroch, J., & McNaughton, R. (2002). Examining the link between knowledge management practices and types of innovation. Journal of intellectual capital.
Den Hartog, D.N. (2015), “Ethical leadership”, Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, Vol. 2, pp. 409-434.
Den Hartog, D.N. and Belschak, F.D. (2012), “When does transformational leadership enhance
employee proactive behavior? The role of autonomy and role-breadth self-efficacy”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 97 No. 1, pp. 194-202.
Freire, C. and Bettencourt, C. (2020), “Impact of ethical leadership on job satisfaction: the mediating effect of work–family conflict”, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, Vol. 41 No. 2, pp. 319-330, doi: 10.1108/LODJ-07-2019-0338.
Grant and Berry (2011). The Necessity of others is the mother of invention: intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal. Vol. 54, No. 1,73-96.
Hartog, D.D.N. and De Hoogh, A.H.B. (2009), “Empowering behaviour and leader fairness and integrity: studying perceptions of ethical leader behaviour from a levels-of-analysis perspective”, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 18 No. 2, pp. 199-230.
Hervas-Oliver, J. L., Sempere-Ripoll, F., Estelles-Miguel, S., & Rojas-Alvarado, R. (2019). Radical vs incremental innovation in Marshallian Industrial Districts in the Valencian Region: what prevails?. European Planning Studies, 27(10), 1924-1939.
Hu, S., Gu, J., Liu, H. and Huang, Q. (2017), “The moderating role of social media usage in the
relationship among multicultural experiences, cultural intelligence, and individual creativity”, Information Technology and People, Vol. 30 No. 2, pp. 265-281.
Hua, A.K. (2016), “Science, technology and innovation (STI) collaboration in OIC countries”,
International Journal for Social Studies, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 142-149.
Javed, B., Naqvi, S.M.M.R., Khan, A.K., Arjoon, S. and Tayyeb, H.H. (2019), “Impact of inclusive
leadership on innovative work behavior: the role of psychological safety”, Journal of
Management and Organization, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 117-136, doi: 10.1017/jmo.2017.3.
Jordao, R.V.D., Novas, J. and Gupta, V. (2019), “The role of knowledge-based networks in the
intellectual capital and organizational performance of small and medium-sized enterprises”,
Kybernetes, Vol. 49 No. 1, pp. 116-140, doi: 10.1108/K-04-2019-0301.
MacKenzie, S.B., Podsakoff, P.M. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2011), “Challenge-oriented organizational
citizenship behaviors and organizational effectiveness: do challenge-oriented behaviors really have an impact on the organization’s bottom line?”, Personnel Psychology, Vol. 64 No. 3, pp. 559-592.
Mendoza-Silva, A. (2020), “Innovation capability: a systematic literature review”, European Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. doi: 10.1108/EJIM-09-2019-0263.
Migdadi, M.M. (2021), “Organizational learning capability, innovation and organizational
performance”, European Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 151-172, doi: 10.1108/EJIM-11-2018-0246.
Ozer, G., Ergun, E. and Yilmaz, O. (2015), € “Effects of intellectual capital on qualitative and quantitative performance: evidence from Turkey”, South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, Vol. 18 No. 2, pp. 143-154.
Ramadani, V., Abazi-Alili, H., Dana, L.-P., Rexhepi, G. and Ibraimi, S. (2017), “The impact of
knowledge spillovers and innovation on firm-performance: findings from the Balkans
countries”, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 299-325.
Kacmar, K.M., Andrews, M.C., Harris, K.J. and Tepper, B.J. (2013), “Ethical leadership and subordinate outcomes: the mediating role of organizational politics and the moderating role of political skill”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 115 No. 1, pp. 33-44
Kalshoven, K., Hartog, D.D.N. and De Hoogh, A.H.B. (2011), “Ethical leadership at work questionnaire (ELW): development and validation of a multidimensional measure”, The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 51-69.
Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., Simon, L. S., & Rich, B. L. (2012). The psychic cost of doing wrong: Ethical conflict, divestiture socialization, and emotional exhaustion. Journal of management, 38(3), 784-808.
Kirzner, I. M. (1997). Entrepreneurial discovery and the competitive market process: An Austrian approach. Journal of economic Literature, 35(1), 60-85.
Le, P.B. and Lei, H. (2019), “Determinants of innovation capability: the roles of transformational leadership, knowledge sharing and perceived organizational support”, Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 23 No. 3, pp. 527-547.
Lei, H., Ha, A. T. L., & Le, P. B. (2020). How ethical leadership cultivates radical and incremental innovation: the mediating role of tacit and explicit knowledge sharing. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(5), 849–862. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-05-2019-0180
Li, Y., Xu, J., Tu, Y. and Lu, X. (2014), “Ethical leadership and subordinates’ occupational well-being: a multi-level examination in China”, Social Indicators Research, Vol. 116 No. 3, pp. 823-842.
Mahoney JT, Kor YY. 2015. Advancing the Human Capital Perspective on Value Creation by Joining Capabilities and Governance Approaches. Academy of Management Perspectives 29(3): 296–308.
Mayer, D.M., Kuenzi, M., Greenbaum, R., Bardes, M. and Salvador, R.B. (2009), “How low does ethical leadership flow? Test of a trickle-down model”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 108 No. 1, pp. 1-13.
Mendoza-Silva, A. (2020), “Innovation capability: a systematic literature review”, European Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. doi: 10.1108/EJIM-09-2019-0263.
Ninla Elmawati Falabiba. (2019). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Etis dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Asuransi Umum Bumiputera Muda 1967. 6(3), 1–8.
Neubert, M. J., Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., Roberts, J. A., & Chonko, L. B. (2009). The virtuous influence of ethical leadership behavior: Evidence from the field. Journal of business ethics, 90(2), 157-170.
Nguyen, D. Q. (2018). The impact of intellectual capital and knowledge flows on incremental and radical innovation: Empirical findings from a transition economy of Vietnam. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration.
Purba, G. reinhard, Marnis, & Nas, S. (2018). Pengaruh kepemimpinan dan disiplin terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan motivasi sebagai variabel intervening pada kantor pusat pt. perkebunan nusantara v di kota pekanbaru. Jurnal Tepak Manajmen Bisnis, X(4), 738–754.
Rahman, D., Lely, S. W., & Soleh, C. (2014). Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Bagian Pabrik PT . Jember Indonesia). Artikel Ilmiah Mahasiswa, 1–5.
Ren, S., Wood, R. and Zhu, Y. (2015), Business Leadership Development in China, Routledge, London and New York, NY.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The" what" and" why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
Sheng, M. L., & Chien, I. (2016). Rethinking organizational learning orientation on radical and incremental innovation in high-tech firms. Journal of Business Research, 69(6), 2302-2308.
Shafique, I., Ahmad, B. and Kalyar, M.N. (2019), “How ethical leadership influences creativity and organizational innovation: examining the underlying mechanisms”, European Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 114-133, doi: 10.1108/EJIM-12-2018-0269.
Sumo, R., van der Valk, W., van Weele, A., & Bode, C. (2016). Fostering incremental and radical innovation through performance-based contracting in buyer-supplier relationships. International Journal of Operations & Production Management.
Tajeddini. (2015). Kepemimpinan. https://tipsserbaserbi.blogspot.com/2015/09/pengertian-kepemimpinan-menurut-para.html
Tian, M., Deng, P., Zhang, Y. and Salmador, M.P. (2018), “How does culture influence innovation? A systematic literature review”, Management Decision, Vol. 56 No. 5, pp. 1088-1107.
Top, C. (2020). Transformational Leadership Impact on Employees Performance. Eurasian Journal of Management & Social Sciences, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.23918/ejmss.v1i1p49
Torlak, N. G., & Kuzey, C. (2019). Leadership, job satisfaction and performance links in private education institutes of Pakistan. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management.
Trevino, L.K., Brown, M.E. and Hartman, L.P. (2003), “A qualitative investigation of perceived
executive ethical leadership: perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite”, Human Relations, Vol. 56 No. 1, pp. 5-37.
Trevino, L.K., Hartman, L.P. and Brown, M.E. (2000), “Moral person and moral manager: how
executives develop a reputation for ethical leadership”, California Management Review, Vol. 42 No. 4, pp. 128-142.
Tu, Y. and Lu, X. (2013), “How ethical leadership influence employees’ innovative work behavior: a perspective of intrinsic motivation”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 116 No. 2, pp. 441-455.
Voorhees. (2010). The effect of leadership orientation to innovation and its relationship to competitive advantages of small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. The Eletronic Library, 34(1), 1–5.
Yidong, T. and Xinxin, L. (2013), “How ethical leadership influence employees’ innovative work behavior: a perspective of intrinsic motivation”, Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 116 No. 2, pp. 441-455.
Zhang, X. and Bartol, K.M. (2010), “Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: the influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 53 No. 1, pp. 107-128.
Downloads
Submitted
Accepted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Sidiq Permono Nugroho, Rifqi Usada Amirudin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
