Reimagining 21st-Century Higher Education: A Literature-Based Exploration of Deep Learning for Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Skill Development

Authors

  • Muhammad Affan Baihaqi Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
    Indonesia
  • Harun Joko Prayitno Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
    Indonesia
  • Naufal Ishartono Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
    Indonesia
  • Sri Sat Titi Hamranani Faculty of Health and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Klaten
    Indonesia
  • Candra Anugrah Putra Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangka Raya
    Indonesia
  • Muhammad Nizaar Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram
    Indonesia

Keywords:

21st-century skills, cognitive engagement, deep learning strategies, emotional skill development, learning adaptation, learning transformation, project-based learning

Abstract

The transformation of higher education in the era of global communication demands a paradigm shift in learning that not only focuses on content mastery but also emphasizes the development of higher-order thinking skills and readiness to face 21st-century challenges. This article aims to comprehensively examine the concept, urgency, and implementation strategies of deep learning in higher education. This study employs a qualitative approach through literature review by analyzing various relevant national scientific sources. The findings indicate that deep learning enhances students’ conceptual understanding, cognitive engagement, and the development of social and emotional dimensions in learning. Its implementation strategies include formulating learning objectives based on constructive alignment, utilizing digital technology, applying active learning methods such as Project-Based Learning and flipped classrooms, as well as incorporating authentic assessments. This article recommends the integration of deep learning as a holistic, adaptive, and contextual learning approach to improve the quality of higher education amid global complexities and technological advancements.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdullah, R. S. &. (2025). Efektivitas Gamifikasi dalam Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Keterlibatan Mahasiswa di Universitas Hamzanwadi. Journal Scientific of Mandalika, 6(2), 1–23.

Aini, K. (2021). Kemandirian Belajar Mahasiswa melalui Blended Learning Tipe Flipped Classroom pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Literasi Digital, 1(1), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.54065/jld.1.1.2021.7

Annidaul Husna, Novira Ilmi, & Gusmaneli Gusmaneli. (2025). Strategi Pembelajaran berbasis Masalah dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik. Katalis Pendidikan: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Dan Matematika, 2(2), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.59031/jkppk.v2i2.401

Arafah, Sukriadi, S., & Auliaul Fitrah Samsuddin. (2023). Implikasi Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme pada Pembelajaran Matematika. Jurnal Pendidikan Mipa, 13(2), 358–366. https://doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v13i2.946

Arif, M. N., Parawansyah, M. I., Huda, F. H., & Zulfahmi, M. N. (2025). Strategi Menumbuhkan Minat Belajar Siswa melalui Pendekatan Deep Learning. Jurnal Muassis Pendidikan Dasar, 4, 8–16.

Aura Yolanda, Masnur Sihotang, Joner Alfin Zebua, Mita Hutasoit, & Yeni Lupitasari Sinaga. (2024). Strategi Pembelajaran Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Pragmatik : Jurnal Rumpun Ilmu Bahasa Dan Pendidikan, 2(3), 301–308. https://doi.org/10.61132/pragmatik.v2i3.941

Biggs, S. (2011). Toward critical narrativity: Stories of ageing in contemporary social policy. In Active ageing, active learning: Issues and challenges (pp. 89-102). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2007). Outcomes-based teaching and learning (OBTL). Why is it, How do we make it work.

Budiningsih, I., Soehari, T. D., & Supriyanto, E. (2022). Continuous Learning for Employee Capacity Developing in Personal Mastery at Bank Indonesia. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 5(1), 61–77. https://doi.org/10.23917/IJOLAE.V5I1.19792

Chasanah, A. nurul, Wicaksono, A. B., Nurtsaniyah, S., & Utami, R. N. (2020). Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Statistika Inferensial Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar. Edumatica Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 10(2), 46–56.

Damayanti, I., Istiq’faroh, M., Nurul Hendratno, H. R., Susetyo, Asri Abidin, Z., & Solihin, A. (2023). Refleksi Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila melalui Strategi Menulis Jurnal Syukur. Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia, 6(4), 1761–1772. https://doi.org/10.31949/jee.v6i4.7450

Dewi, I., Siregar, H., Agustia, A., & Dewantara, K. H. (2024). Implementasi Case Method berbasis Pembelajaran Proyek Kolaboratif terhadap Kemampuan Kolaborasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika. Teorema: Teori Dan Riset Matematika, 09, 261–276.

Herawati, N., Ghazali, K., Suryani, U., & Purwanto, M. B. (2025). Deep Learning untuk Solusi Cerdas : Workshop Penggunaan Aplikasi AI untuk Kehidupan Sehari-Hari (Deep Learning for Smart Solutions : Workshop on Using AI Applications for Everyday Life). Karya Nyata: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2.

Hidayah, R., Fajaroh, F., & Narestifuri, R. E. (2021). Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Collaborative Problem Based Learning pada Pembelajaran Kimia di Perguruan Tinggi. QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama, 13(2), 503–520. https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v13i2.1016

Indri, Harefa, P., Titi, S., Hulu, L., & Novalia, L. (2024). Mengintegrasikan Teknologi dalam Perencanaan Pembelajaran : Meningkatkan Minat dan Prestasi Hasil Belajar. Jurnal Kajian dan Penelitian Umum, 2.

Kamaruddin, I., Sari, M. N., Papia, J. N. T., M.Usman, P., Andriani, N., & Kesek, M. N. (2024). Implementasi Metode Pembelajaran berbasis Proyek dalam Pendidikan Tinggi untuk Memfasilitasi Pemecahan Masalah Multidisiplin. Journal on Education, 6(4), 19620–19630. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.5990

Mayasari, N., Dewantara, R., & Yuanti, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Kecerdasan Buatan dan Teknologi Pendidikan terhadap Peningkatan Efektivitas Proses Pembelajaran Mahasiswa di Jawa Timur. Jurnal Pendidikan West Science, 01(12), 851–858.

Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformation theory out of context. Adult education quarterly, 48(1), 60-62.

Mikhael, M., & Neno, H. (2023). Workshop Brainstorming: Mengaktifkan Pengetahuan Awal Siswa Sebelum Memasuki Topik Diskusi. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Sejahtera, 2(2).

Mujianto, H., & Suryadhianto, U. (2025). Transformation of Learning Systems With A Hybrid. Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan Dan Humaniora, 9(1), 94–104. https://doi.org/10.36526/js.v3i2.5007

Munfiatik, S. (2023). Collaborative Learning sebagai Model Inovasi Pendidikan dalam Pembelajaran. SINOVA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan & Sosial, 1(2), 83–94.

Nur Maelasari & Lusiana. (2025). Efektivitas Deep Learning dalam Pembelajaran : Sebuah Kajian Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Jurnal Education and Development, 13(2), 298–305.

Nuraeni, Salmia, Safitri, A., & Suandi. (2022). Inovasi Pembelajaran dalam Menghadapi Tantangan Pendidikan Abad 21. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 11(3), 123.

Nurgenti, S., & Wahyudi, A. (2025). Implementasi Pembelajaran PAI berbasis Adlx Introflex di SMAIT ishlahul Ummah Prabumulih. AL-MUADDIB: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Kependidikan, 07(02), 618–628.

Nurmawanti, A. S. K. & I. (2023). Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Keterampilan Metakognitif dan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 8(3), 1922–1934. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v8i3.1890

Putra, D., Shiddiq, A. J., Khafi, I., & Nugroho, B. (2024). Integrasi Teknologi Immersive Learning dalam Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Riset Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (JURMIA), 4(2), 218-230.

Rahmiaty, R., Kamarullah, K., Rahman, F., Haekal, M., & Hadi, W. (2025). Modernizing Higher Education in India: Quality Dimensions for Sustainable and Impactful Education. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 272-294. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijolae.v7i2.8688

Rarasyanti, M., Habsari, L. A., Aliyyah, H. T., & Asmara, D. (2025). Penerapan Model Project Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreativitas pada Mata Pelajaran Sanggul Malam Peserta Didik di SMKN 8 Surabaya. 4.

Ratnasari, D., Sari, Y., & Ulia, N. (2025). Eksplorasi Pengalaman Mahasiswa dalam Pembelajaran Sosial Emosional Melalui Metode Role Play. Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD FKIP Universitas Mandiri, 11(1), 61–80.

Rifky, S. (2024). Dampak Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence bagi Pendidikan Tinggi. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary on Social and Technology, 2(1), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.31004/ijmst.v2i1.287

Roy, R. R. (2024). Deep Learning. Networked Artificial Intelligence, November, 83–98. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003499466-10

Selirowangi, N. B., Aisyah, N., & Rohmah, L. (2024). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 5(1), 5–10.

Sodikin, S. (2024). Transformasi Pendidikan Agama Islam melalui Artificial Intelligent (AI): Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa. Academicus: Journal of Teaching and Learning, 3(2), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.59373/academicus.v3i2.65

Steven, K., Hartono, H., & Saearani, M. F. T. Bin. (2024). Paradigma dan Isu dalam Pendidikan Seni: Strategi Untuk Pengembangan Pendekatan yang Relevan dan Berkelanjutan. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(3), 3833–3846.

Susanti, S., Putra, R. P., Agustina, R. D., Quy, N. P., Siregar, H. S., & Silva, J. da. (2024). Exploring the Educational Landscape: The Impact of Post-Covid Online Learning on Physics Education Undergraduates’ Academic Engagement and Achievement. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 6(1), 86–104. https://doi.org/10.23917/IJOLAE.V6I1.22179

Swandi, A., Rahmadhanningsih, S., Yusuf, I., & Widyaningsih, S. W. (2021). Mengeksplorasi Fenomena Hamburan Compton dengan Media Virtual melalui Project Based Learning (PjBL). Kasuari: Physics Education Journal (KPEJ), 4(1), 1–12.

Syamsuridhawati, Kamaruddin, S. A., & Ahmadin3. (2025). Inovasi dalam Kurikulum IPS: Analisis Keterkaitan Antara Teori dan Praktik Pembelajaran. Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan, 6(3), 28–38.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). 4-Vygotsky.

Wilson, L. O. (2016). Anderson and Krathwohl Bloom’s taxonomy revised understanding the new version of Bloom’s taxonomy. The Second Principle, 1(1), 1-8.

Wiggins, G. P., & McTighe, J. (2005). Understanding by design. Ascd.

Wong, T. L., Xie, H., Zou, D., Wang, F. L., Tang, J. K. T., Kong, A., & Kwan, R. (2020). How to facilitate self-regulated learning? A case study on open educational resources. Journal of Computers in Education, 7(1), 51-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-019-00138-4.

Winarti, A., Almubarak, Sundari, T., Sumardjoko, B., & Nzuza, Z. (2024). Enhancing Cognitive Learning: A Comparative Analysis of E-Learning Media Tailored to Different Learning Styles. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 6(2), 280–294. https://doi.org/10.23917/IJOLAE.V6I2.23079

Winata, A., Mayasari, D., & Muttaqin, Z. (2023). Peningkatan Kemampuan Belajar pada Mata Kuliah Belajar dan Pembelajaran melalui Metode Kooperatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Telaah, 8(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.31764/telaah.v8i1.13364

Yahya, R., Ummah, S. K., & Effendi, M. M. (2020). Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Bercirikan Mini Project. SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathemathics Education), 4(1), 78–91.

Downloads

Submitted

2025-07-03

Accepted

2025-09-09

Published

2025-09-09

Issue

Section

Articles