Digital Learning Innovation through Website-Based BIM E-Modules: A UTAUT-Based Study of Advanced and Adaptive Learning in Vocational Education
Abstract
The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in vocational education requires learning environments that support meaningful, flexible, and technology-enhanced learning. A website-based BIM e-module represents an instructional innovation that can facilitate independent learning through structured digital content and multimedia resources. This research intends to investigate the factors that influence the acceptance and use of a website-based BIM e-module among vocational education students based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework. The quantitative survey research approach was conducted on 65 students of Grade XI from the Building Construction and Housing Engineering at SMK Negeri 1 Jakarta in the academic year 2024/2025. The 40-questionnaire was distributed among the participants measuring Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Conditions (FC). Descriptive statistics and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) techniques were applied to analyze the gathered data. The reliability and validity of the measurement model were satisfactory while the structural model presented significant positive associations of all four UTAUT variables and the acceptance and use of BIM e-module. Performance Expectancy (β = 0.228), Effort Expectancy (β = 0.211), Social Influence (β = 0.332), and Facilitating Conditions (β = 0.318) were found to be significant at p < 0.001. An R² value of 0.993 was achieved in the model suggesting the high explained variance in the endogenous construct. Social Influence and Facilitating Conditions had relatively larger path coefficients pointing to the relevance of social and enabling conditions to BIM e-module adoption.
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Copyright (c) 2026 M. Agphin Ramadhan, Fian Fauzan Fadilah, Arris Maulana, Charlotte Olivia Miller
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