Analysis of the Schellong Test Measurement as a Screening Method for Orthostatic Disorders in Patients with Hypertension
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23917/bik.v19i2.14073Keywords:
Hypertension, screening, Schellong test, orthostatic disorderAbstract
The autonomic nervous system, cardiovascular system, and neurohormonal responses play complex roles in maintaining blood pressure stability. Disruption of these compensatory mechanisms may result in abnormal blood pressure fluctuations, either an increase or a decrease. This study aimed to evaluate the Schellong test as a screening method to identify orthostatic abnormalities in patients with hypertension. A quantitative observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total of 98 respondents were recruited from eight different locations using cluster random sampling. Participants were aged ≥40 years, had blood pressure >140/90 mmHg, had been diagnosed with hypertension for at least six months, were able to stand independently, and provided informed consent. Most respondents were pre-elderly (62.2%), female (85.7%), had Primary level education (92.9%), and were unemployed (68.4%). Approximately 51% were taking antihypertensive medication, 18.4% had a smoking history, and 50% had a family history of hypertension. Diastolic blood pressure was predominantly grade I (66.3%), while systolic blood pressure was mostly grade II (53.1%). Based on the Schellong test, 20 participants were classified in the normal zone, 23 in Zone 2 (asymptotonic hypotonic reaction), and 55 in Zone 1 (hypertonic reaction). These findings highlight the importance of assessing hemodynamic adaptation to postural changes from supine to standing positions to reduce the risk of falls and cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension.
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