Legal Certainty for Taxpayers' Rights to Staking Crypto Assets in Indonesia

Authors

  • Harya Winanda Universitas Negeri Surabaya
    Indonesia
  • Cita Yustisia Serfiyani Universitas Negeri Surabaya
    Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23917/laj.v11i1.14261

Keywords:

legal certainty, staking taxes, digital economic law, blockchain regulation, tax law, kepastian hukum, pajak staking, hukum ekonomi digital, regulasi blockchain, hukum perpajakan

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kepastian hukum dalam pemungutan pajak atas staking aset kripto di Indonesia, mengidentifikasi kekosongan hukum dalam Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 50 Tahun 2025, serta membandingkan posisi regulasi Indonesia dengan yurisdiksi terpilih yang telah menetapkan kerangka kerja perpajakan staking yang jelas. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, tinjauan doktrinal, dan studi komparatif terhadap peraturan di Amerika Serikat, Singapura, Monako, Prancis, Jerman, dan Finlandia, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Indonesia tidak memiliki aturan eksplisit yang mengatur objek pajak, waktu pemajakan, metode penilaian, dan kewajiban pelaporan atas penghasilan staking. . Ketidakhadiran norma yang jelas ini tidak hanya menimbulkan ambiguitas dan ketidakkonsistenan interpretatif, tetapi juga mencerminkan kelemahan struktural dalam sistem perpajakan Indonesia, penanganan aktivitas kripto, dan kerangka hukum yang mengatur perpajakan aset digital, yang mengakibatkan perlakuan yang tidak adil dan melemahkan penerapan hukum pajak yang koheren. Studi ini memberikan manfaat praktis bagi pembuat kebijakan dan otoritas pajak dalam merumuskan peraturan perpajakan yang lebih jelas, konsisten, dan responsif terhadap teknologi untuk sektor aset digital. Keunikan penelitian ini terletak pada fokus spesifiknya pada kepastian hukum perpajakan staking di Indonesia dan analisis hukum komparatifnya, yang belum dibahas secara eksplisit dalam literatur sebelumnya dan menawarkan acuan dasar bagi kebijakan perpajakan aset digital di masa depan.

 

 

This study aims to examine the legal certainty of tax collection on crypto-asset staking in Indonesia, identify the legal vacuum within Minister of Finance Regulation Number 50 of 2025, and compare Indonesia’s regulatory position with selected jurisdictions that have established clear staking tax frameworks. Using a normative legal research method through statutory analysis, doctrinal review, and comparative study of regulations in the United States, Singapore, Monaco, France, Germany, and Finland, this research finds that Indonesia has no explicit rules governing taxable objects, tax timing, valuation methods, and reporting obligations for staking income. The absence of clear norms creates ambiguity, multiple interpretations, and unequal treatment when compared to trading and mining activities already regulated under PMK 50/2025, thereby failing to meet the principles of Convenience, Efficiency, Certainty, and Equality. The study provides practical usefulness for policymakers and tax authorities in formulating clearer, consistent, and technology-responsive tax regulations for the digital asset sector. The novelty of this research lies in its specific focus on the legal certainty of staking taxation in Indonesia and its comparative legal analysis, which has not been explicitly addressed in previous scholarship and offers a foundational reference for future digital asset tax policy.

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Submitted

2025-12-18

Accepted

2026-06-02

Published

2026-06-08 — Updated on 2026-06-08

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