Relationship Between Knowledge Level with Attitude and Decision Making Towards HPV Vaccination in Junior High School Students in Surakarta City

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks di Indonesia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Upaya pemerintah dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap infeksi HPV telah dilakukan sejak remaja awal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dengan sikap serta pengambilan keputusan terhadap vaksinasi HPV pada siswa SMP di Kota Surakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel penelitian adalah siswa SMP yang mewakili seluruh siswa di Kota Surakarta, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel cluster sampling. Lokasi sekolah yang terpilih sebagai sampel yaitu SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta, SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, SMP Warga, dan SMP Al-Isryad. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Juli–Agustus 2024 menggunakan kuesioner. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearman Rho. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dengan sikap terhadap vaksinasi HPV pada siswa SMP di Kota Surakarta (p-value = 0.015) dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) = 0.173. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dengan sikap terhadap vaksinasi HPV pada siswa SMP di Kota Surakarta. Namun demikian, pengetahuan siswa perempuan tentang kanker serviks tidak berhubungan dengan pengambilan keputusan mengenai vaksinasi HPV.

Background: Cervical cancer in Indonesia is still a public health problem, government efforts to protect against HPV infection have begun to be given in early adolescence. This study is to analyze the relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and attitudes and decision-making towards HPV vaccination in junior high school students in Surakarta City. Method: This type of analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was junior high school students who represented all students in Surakarta City sampling using the cluster sampling technique. The locations of schools that were skilled as samples were SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta, SMP Muhammadiyah 4 Surakarta, SMP Warga, and SMP Al-Isryad. Data collection activities took place from July to August 2024 using a questionnaire. Hypothesis testing was carried out using the Spearman rho correlation test. Results: Showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and attitudes towards HPV vaccination in junior high school students in Surakarta City (p value = 0.015) with a correlation coefficient value (r) = 0.173. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and attitudes towards HPV vaccination in junior high school students in Surakarta City. Meanwhile, female students' knowledge about cervical cancer is not related to decision-making regarding HPV vaccination.