The Relationship Between Perceived Body Image, Frequency of Fast Food Consumption, and Nutritional Status

Abstract

Introduction: The developmental stage of late adolescence can cause changes in attitudes and feelings that can influence perceptions of body image and food consumption habits (especially fast food). This condition will affect nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived body image and frequency of fast-food consumption and nutritional status. Method: This research uses an observational research design with a cross-sectional approach and applies the Pearson product moment correlation test. The sample consisted of 82 students of Department of Nutrition Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta who were selected using the simple random sampling method. Data on body image perception and frequency of fast-food consumption were obtained using the Multidementional Body Self Relations Questionnaires-Appereance Scale (MBSRQ-AS) questionnaire and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) form in the last 1 month. Nutritional status is obtained by measuring body weight and height. Results: The relationship between perceived body image and nutritional status has a p-value = 0.533 and the relationship between frequency of fast-food consumption and nutritional status has a p-value = 0.042. Conclusion: There is no relationship between perceived body image and nutritional status among UMS nutrition students, but there is a relationship between the frequency of fast-food consumption and nutritional status among UMS nutrition students. Respondents are expected to be able to adopt a healthy and balanced diet so that they can maintain normal nutritional status and create a positive body image perception.

Pendahuluan: Mahasiswa merupakan individu yang sedang mengalami masa transisi dari remaja awal menjadi dewasa sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan sikap dan perasaan. Status gizi dapat dipengaruhi oleh konsumsi fast food dan persepsi body image. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi citra tubuh (body image) dan frekuensi konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi pada Mahasiwa Ilmu Gizi UMS. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan menerapkan uji korelasi pearson product moment (PPM). Sampel terdiri dari 82 mahasiswa yang dipilih menggunakan metode simple random sampling. Data persepsi citra tubuh (body image) dan frekuensi konsumsi fast food diperoleh melalui observasi langsung dengan menggunakan kuesioner Multidementional Body Self Relations Quetionare-Appereance Scale (MBSRQ-AS) dan form Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) 1 bulan terakhir. Status gizi didapatkan dengan melakukan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 51,2% responden memiliki body image negatif, 45,1% frekuensi konsumsi fast food sering, dan 36,6% responden berstatus gizi underweight dan overweight. Hasil penelitian yaitu nilai p-value= 0,533 untuk persepsi citra tubuh (body image) dengan status gizi, kemudian nilai p-value = 0,042 untuk frekuensi konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara persepsi citra tubuh (body image) dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa ilmu gizi UMS, namun ada hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi fast food dengan status gizi pada mahasiswa ilmu gizi UMS. Responden diharapkan dapat menerapkan pola makan yang sehat dan seimbang sehingga dapat mempertahankan status gizi normal dan menciptakan persepsi citra tubuh yang positif.