The Effect of Slow Stroke Back Massage Therapy on Reducing Headache Intensity in Patients with Hypertension at Rejosari Community Health Center, Pekanbaru

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Data dari Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) tahun 2023 menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 1,28 miliar orang di seluruh dunia menderita hipertensi. Jumlah kasus hipertensi di Indonesia mencapai 63.309.620 jiwa. Sementara itu, di Riau, prevalensi hipertensi tercatat sebesar 33,1% dan di Kota Pekanbaru sebesar 21,1%. Gejala yang paling umum menyertai hipertensi adalah sakit kepala. Penerapan terapi pijat punggung slow stroke (SSBM) terbukti efektif untuk mengatasi sakit kepala pada pasien hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi pijat punggung slow stroke terhadap penurunan intensitas sakit kepala pada pasien hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian kuasi-eksperimen dan rancangan one-group pre-test-post-test. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 29 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dengan skala NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). Hasil: Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000, yang berarti terdapat pengaruh terapi pijat punggung slow stroke terhadap penurunan intensitas sakit kepala pada pasien hipertensi. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar responden menderita hipertensi stadium 1 (86,2%). Sebelum menerima terapi SSBM, sebagian besar responden mengalami sakit kepala tingkat sedang (75,9%), sedangkan setelah menerima terapi SSBM, sebagian besar mengalami sakit kepala tingkat ringan (69,0%). Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p sebesar 0,000 (p < 0,05), yang mengindikasikan bahwa terapi SSBM berpengaruh terhadap penurunan intensitas sakit kepala pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Rejosari, Pekanbaru.

Introduction: Hypertension is the number one cause of death worldwide. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023 showed that approximately 1.28 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension. The number of cases of hypertension in Indonesia reached 63,309,620. Meanwhile, in Riau, the prevalence of hypertension was 33.1% and in Pekanbaru City, it was 21.1%. The most common symptom accompanying hypertension is headache. The application of slow stroke back massage therapy is effective for treating headaches in patients with hypertension. This study aims to determine the effect of slow stroke back massage therapy on reducing the intensity of headaches in patients with hypertension. Method: This study used a quantitative method using a quasi-experimental research design with a one-group pre-test-post-test research design. The sample obtained was 29 people who were taken using a nonprobability sampling technique. The instrument used was an observation sheet with an NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). Results: The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value = 0.000, which means there is an effect of slow stroke back massage therapy on reducing the intensity of headaches in patients with hypertension. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the majority of respondents suffered from stage 1 hypertension (86.2%). Prior to receiving SSBM therapy, the majority of respondents experienced moderate headaches (75.9%), whereas after receiving SSBM therapy, the majority experienced mild headaches (69.0%). The Wilcoxon test results showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that SSBM therapy has an effect on reducing headache intensity in hypertensive patients at the Rejosari Community Health Center in Pekanbaru.