The Relationship Between Work-Related Stress and the Performance of Emergency Department Nurses at Hospital X

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Profesi keperawatan merupakan salah satu profesi dengan tingkatan stres yang secara nilai tinggi, terutama pada perawat yang melaksanakan kerja di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Keseringan menghadapi kondisi kritis membutuhkan respon cepat serta ketelitian dalam pengambilan keputusan. Berdasarkan survei pendahuluan diketahui pekerja perawat mengalami stress tinggi (20%) dan stress sedang (60%) yang mengindikasikan adanya kejadian stres pada pekerja perawat IGD di RS X. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stres kerja terhadap kinerja perawat yang adanya di IGD Rumah Sakit X. Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Variabel berkategori independen adalah stres kerja serta variabel berkategori dependen yakni kinerja.  Populasi seluruh perawat IGD sejumlah 31 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampling mempergunakan total sampling, sehingga responden sama dengan jumlah populasi yakni sejumlah 31 responden. Teknik Pengumpulan atau penghimpunan data dilakukan mempergunakan kuesioner. Instrumen yang dipergunakan kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) untuk melakukan pengukuran tingkat stres kerja serta Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) untuk mengukur kinerja perawat. Analisis data dilaksanakan dengan cara univariat serta bivariat mempergunakan  uji Spearman's rank. Hasil: Distribusi frekuensi dari veriabel stress kerja menunjukkan stres berat 20 orang (64,5%) dan kinerja kerja rendah 18 orang (58,1%). Simpulan: memberi petunjuk adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara stres kerja dan kinerja perawat dengan nilai p = 0,017         (p ≤ 0,05) yang mana semakin tinggi tingkat stres kerja yang dialami oleh perawat, maka kinerja mereka cenderung menurun.

Introduction: The nursing profession is one of the professions with high levels of stress, especially among nurses working in the Emergency Room (ER). Frequently facing critical situations requires a quick response and accurate decision-making. Based on a preliminary survey, it is known that nurses experience high stress (20%) and moderate stress (60%), indicating the prevalence of stress among ER nurses at Hospital X. This study aimed to determine the relationship between job stress and nurse performance in the Emergency Room of Hospital X. Method: This is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach. The independent variable is job stress, and the dependent variable is performance. The population of all emergency room nurses was 31 individuals. Total sampling was used, resulting in 31 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire was used to measure job stress levels, and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) was used to measure nurse performance. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate methods, specifically the Spearman’s rank test. Results: The frequency distribution of the job stress variable showed severe stress (total score above 26) in 20 individuals (64.5%) and low work performance (total score below 6.53) in 18 individuals (58.1%). Results of the bivariate analysis showed a p-value of 0.017 (p ≤ 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of -0.424. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between work stress and nurse performance, such that the higher the level of work stress experienced by nurses, the more their performance tends to decline.