Implementation of Know Your Customer Principle in Banking Practices at Bank BNI 46 Bima Branch

Abstract

Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang menganalisis penerapan prinsip mengenal nasabah (know your customer) dalam praktik perbankan, hal ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk dapat mengidentifikasi transaksi yang mencurigakan sejak dini, dan meminimalkan berbagai risiko, seperti risiko operasional, risiko hukum, risiko transaksi terkonsentrasi, dan risiko reputasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris, dengan mengambil lokus di Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima. Temuan baru yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini adalah pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kerahasiaan di mana bank diizinkan untuk mengetahui identitas nasabah terkait dengan profil dan karakter transaksi nasabah. Hasil dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima menerapkan Prinsip know your customer. Aturan Know Your Customer sebagaimana tercantum dalam PBI Nomor 3/10/PBI/2001 yang kemudian diubah oleh Bank Indonesia Mengenai Penerapan Prinsip dengan Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 5/21/PBI/2003 Mengenai Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 3/10/PBI/2001 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Kenal Nasabah. Dalam menerapkan prinsip mengenal nasabah, bank dapat mencurigai transaksi yang diduga berasal dari hasil kejahatan, seperti penyelundupan uang, suap, tindak pidana korupsi, penyelundupan tenaga kerja, dan kejahatan perbankan. Selain itu, transaksi keuangan yang menyimpang dari profil, karakteristik, atau kebiasaan pola transaksi nasabah perusahaan juga patut dicurigai. Kesimpulannya, prinsip mengenal nasabah (know your customer principle) adalah salah satu prinsip penting dalam dunia perbankan dan keuangan, yang telah diimplementasikan oleh Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima mengacu pada kebijakan dan prosedur yang diterapkan oleh lembaga keuangan untuk memastikan identitas dan karakteristik nasabah sebelum memberikan layanan keuangan kepada mereka. Namun, hal ini justru bertentangan dengan tradisi kerahasiaan antara bank dan nasabahnya, yang menjadi pilar utama membangun hubungan kepercayaan antara bank dan nasabahnya.

This article is a legal research that analyzes the application of the principles get to know customers (know your customer ) in banking practice, this is very important to do to be able to identify transactions early suspicious, and minimize various risks, such as operational risk, legal risk, risk of concentrated transactions, and reputation risk. The method used in this research is an empirical legal research method, by taking the locus at BNI 46 Bima branch. novelty What is found from this research is a violation of the principle of confidentiality where the bank is allowed to know the identity of the customer related to the profile and the character of the Customer's transaction. The results and discussion show that BNI has 46 Bima branches apply Know Your Customer Principles. Know Your Customer Rules as set forth in PBI Number 3/10/PBI/2001 which was later amended by Bank Indonesia Concerning Application of Principles with Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 5/21/PBI/2003 Concerning the Second Amendment to Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 3/10/PBI/ 2001 concerning Application of Know Your Customer Principles . In implementing the principle of knowing your customer, banks can suspect transactions that are suspected of originating from the proceeds of crime, for example money smuggled, bribery, corruption crimes, labor smuggling, banking crimes. In addition, financial transactions that deviate from the profiles, characteristics or habits of the company's customer transaction patterns are also suspect. In conclusion, the principle of knowing your customer (know your customer principle) is one of the important principles in the world of banking and finance, which has been implemented by Bank BNI 46 Bima Branch referring to the policies and procedures implemented by financial institutions to ensure the correct identity and characteristics of their customers before provide financial services to them. However, this is precisely the opposite of the tradition of secrecy between the bank and its customers, which is the main pillar for building a trusting relationship between the bank and its customers.