Metaverse Regulation Formulation In Indonesian Cyber Law

Research Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and understand the formulation of the Metaverse regulation for actions prohibited in the ITE Law in the concept of cyber law and to examine how the legal conditions and developments in Indonesia respond to the presence of Metaverse. Method: The research method used is a normative legal research method using several approaches, namely: 1) Conceptual approach; 2) Statute approach; and 3) Comparative approach. Findings: The findings of the study show that the condition of human civilization is currently advancing rapidly, this refers to the ease of accessing every line of life through the use of technology. To anticipate and monitor every aspect of life that occurs in the cyber realm, the concept of Cyber Law is present in ensuring legal protection for the community as technology users. The presence of metavers needs to be anticipated by designing or updating legal products that will become a reference in protecting citizens as subjects who are active in the Metavers era. Function: The function of the study is to examines the formulation of the Metaverse regulation of actions prohibited in the ITE Law in the cyber legal framework. Novelty: This research is important considering that there are no previous studies that examine the concept of cyber law in looking at the influence of the existence of Metaverse on actions prohibited in the ITE Law. In addition, considering the importance of carrying out legal protection for every activity that occurs


INTRODUCTION
Human civilization is currently advancing rapidly, this refers to the ease in accessing every line of life through the use of technology.Entering the 21st century, every aspect of life is easier to reach thanks to the presence of technology.Among the acceleration of world life today is also the phenomenon of digital war.Digital space is a community space where almost all of its activities are like activities in physical space.Our society has transformed from physical space to digital space (Rohmy, Suratman, and Nihayaty, 2021).Expertise and creativity in utilizing technology are benchmarks for the success of a business.The business model that is currently booming is the business in the Metaverse era.At the end of 2021, social media was shocked by the emergence of the 'Ghozali Everyday' phenomenon.A young man named Ghozali who managed to make billions of rupiah in profits from the sale of his Non-Fungible Token (NFT) on an NFT marketplace.NFTs are digital assets that are linked to a blockchain or digital database using cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum (Pratomo, 2022).The phenomenon of 'Ghozali Everyday' is proof that there are business opportunities in a new era called the Metaverse era.The term Metaverse is not new, but has been around for a long time, but has recently been discussed again after Facebook changed its name to "Meta".Doing business in the Metaverse era must be prepared for the risks and challenges ahead.To initiate this phenomenon, it is necessary to have a legal protection for every community activity in the Metaverse era .
In Indonesia, Metaverse is present in the scope of people's lives by utilizing NFT as a business opportunity in the Metaverse era.Metaverse is a virtual world concept where one can create and explore with other internet users in the form of one's own avatar.The difference between Metaverse and NFT is very clear, that Metaverse is a virtual reality where NTF is an asset in it.For example, in the Metaverse, when you want to sell or exhibit a work of art and certain properties, the Metaverse can display a virtual form of the object.NFT's job is to provide a price and proof of ownership of the object.The most common NFT markets are OpenSea, Mintable, Nifty Gateway, and Rarible.In addition, there are niche markets for more specific NFTs, such as NBA Top Shot for basketball video highlights.Indonesia as a legal state mandated by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 1 Paragraph (2) that, "The State of Indonesia is a Rule of Law", that is important in every aspect of life to strive for legal protection.for the realization of the protection of the rights and obligations of the community, including in activities in the Metaverse era (Firmanto, 2020).
The formulation of legal arrangements can be interpreted as an effort to formulate legal arrangements regarding an object that has not been previously regulated (Suduthukum, 2018).
In this study, the object in question is activity in the Metaverse era as an example of business activity which is currently booming and has not been regulated in the Indonesian Cyber Law as contained in the ITE Law.Because the importance of formulating activity regulations in the Metaverse era in the ITE Law, especially in Chapter VII regarding "Prohibited Actions", is in order to anticipate the occurrence of crimes and/or violations in activities on the Metaverse.
Cyber law in Indonesia cannot be separated from technology which is part of national development, especially in achieving the goals of a just and prosperous society.To achieve the prosperity of a nation, the nation must become a modern nation.The presence of Indonesian Cyber Law in the Indonesian legal system is a legal obligation, especially for legal experts to explore the legal system in Indonesian Cyber Law (Munir, 2017).Today, the world is in turmoil with the widespread use of the WhatsApp application and an uproar with Pokemon which allegedly violates the law.classical legislation such as criminal law.Pokemon users are not only limited to cross-country, but also have implications for prohibited acts, such as entering other people's yards without permission which is expressly prohibited by law (Munir, 2017).
The existence of these two phenomena is an example of the necessity for Indonesian Cyber Law to adapt to the development of increasingly advanced information technology.
Information technology in the ITE Law is a means of collecting, preparing, storing, processing, announcing, analyzing and disseminating information to the public (Munir, 2017).The purpose of information technology in Indonesia is to educate the nation's life as part of the global information society, develop trade and the national economy in order to achieve public welfare and national economic growth effectively and efficiently by prioritizing public services through optimal use of information technology in order to achieve justice and legal certainty.On the one hand, it also provides the widest opportunity for everyone to develop their thoughts and abilities in the field of information technology responsibly (Munir, 2017).
Information technology that is developing rapidly has become an unavoidable phenomenon.This is because humans always try to facilitate activities in obtaining information (Munir, 2017).The interesting thing in the discussion about technology is the unlimited freedom of imagination and expression to convey ideas and ideas about the picture of technology in the future for the realization of convenience in every activity of human life.One form of convenience that can be felt directly is the ease of buying and selling activities.Before getting to know technology and using the internet through social media, in fulfilling the needs of daily life, usually visiting the market is the right choice to do.In the past, the market was always identified as a wide and crowded place, where sometimes crowding became a common thing.
After the advent of technology, the market can now be 'shrunk ' to become 'smaller'.Through technology, the market can be reached with just the typing of a finger.The world then began to recognize the existence of an Online Shop (a market in cyberspace) or what is known as an Online Market.The online market is different from the market in general, in simple terms the online market is a form of market that can be taken anywhere without having to jostle and easy to visit without wasting a lot of time.The online market offers convenience for anyone who wants to open a business and sell their wares without having to spend a large amount of capital.This shows that technology has encouraged ease of doing business.
The urgency of this research is seen from the phenomenon of the development of an increasingly modern era, it is possible that in the future activities of daily life will begin to crawl from activities oriented from physical space to virtual space.In the future, humans will no longer need to travel far just to visit a place or to meet someone, the Metaverse will be present as a link between physical space and virtual space.So it becomes a necessity for legal protection of community activities in the Metaverse era in anticipating every risk and crime that will occur.
Based on this background, the writer is interested in conducting legal research regarding: "Formulation of Metaverse Regulations in Indonesian Cyber Law".The title of the research was then reduced to two problem formulations, namely: 1) How does the Metaverse exist in the concept of Cyber Law in Indonesia; 2) Why is the formulation of the Metaverse setting in the ITE Law needed.

RESEARCH METHOD
This research is the scope of aspects of people's lives in cyber and Metaverse, as well as the ITE Law as the main reference in this research.While the method used is normative legal research (doctrine), the approaches used are: 1) Conceptual approach, 2) Statute approach, and 3) Comparative approach (Irwansyah, 2020).The technique of collecting data and developing the instrument used is a literature study technique using secondary data.Collect various statutory provisions and various literatures related to the problem in research through the following steps: 1) Determination of secondary data sources (primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials), 2) Identification of secondary data needed, 3) Inventory of data in accordance with the formulation of the problem by quoting or recording, and 4) Studying the data that has been collected to determine its relevance to needs.The technique of collecting data is through literature study in various statutory provisions as well as various literatures related to the problem in research.The data analysis technique is through analytical descriptive and qualitative conclusion drawing.

Metaverse in Cyber Law Concepts in Indonesia
Metaverse is a complex concept, which is a convergence of two things, namely: 1) Virtually enhanced physical reality, and 2) Physically persistent virtual space.Metaverse seeks to embody a blend of the two and allows its users to experience both things at once (Bridges et al, 2007).Neal Stephenson is an expert who first coined the term Metaverse.He mentions the term in his novel "Snow Crash" published in 1992 (Purnama, 2022).Metaverse is defined as a world of interconnected virtual communities.For example, people can work, meet, and play using virtual reality headsets, augmented reality glasses, smartphone apps, or other devices (Purnama, 2022).The Metaverse is set to become a digital world by using pieces from several other worlds to create a world.which includes everything.Social media, online gaming, virtual reality, augmented reality, cryptocurrencies, and even the physical world will come together to create the Metaverse (Aries, 2022).To be able to enter the Metaverse, first you need to know what Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR) and Extended Reality (XR) are.
First, Virtual Reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation through threedimensional images that can interact in a way that appears real to a person using special electronic equipment, such as a helmet with a screen inside or gloves equipped with sensors (Hamilton.edu, 2020).Virtual Reality has been around since the 1950s, when the film industry was actively creating real-world experiences through widescreen image sensors, stereophonic sound, and 3D images (Huggett, 2020).One of the systems that made it to the prototype stage in 1962 is Morton Heilig's Sensorama Simulator, a device that can feature a vibrating seat, handrails, viewing holes, and a set of vents that provide a gentle breeze and chemical scent.The rapid development of affordable mobile and wearable technologies over the past few years has led us to Virtual Reality.
Second, Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology for layering computer-generated images on the user's view of the real world, thereby providing a combined view (Hamilton.edu, 2020).In line with the definition that Augmented Reality is a technology that is able to combine 2D or 3D virtual objects into a real environment which then generates it or projects it in real time.Augmented Reality can be used to help visualize abstract concepts for understanding and structure an object model (Sari et al, 2020).
Third, Mixed Reality (MR) is a medium consisting of an immersive computergenerated environment in which elements of the physical and virtual environment are combined (Purnama, 2022).Fourt, Extended Reality (XR).Extended Reality itself refers to the use of technology that expands reality and combines the real world with the virtual.In other words, Extended Reality means a general term that combines Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) (Rudiansyah, 2021).
Furthermore, Metaverse has become a hot topic of discussion in the world, several countries are competing to implement Metaverse in their national life, such as South Korea and Barbados.Changing the name of Facebook to "Meta" with the principle that it will evolve into the Metaverse enough to influence the world to glance at the Metaverse.Barbados and South Korea are progressive countries in supporting the legitimacy of the Metaverse and are preparing to legally declare the establishment of a Metaverse embassy (Santoso, 2021).This commitment was demonstrated by signing an agreement with Decentraland, the largest and most popular crypto-powered digital world, for the establishment of a digital embassy by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados.In addition, the Government of Barbados also entered into agreements with Somnium Space, SuperWorld, and platforms Another Metaverse (Santoso, 2021).On the other hand, the Government of Seoul, South Korea, announced that it will offer a new public service concept online by building the Metaverse platform.These two countries are a sign that the Metaverse will soon be present in human life.
At the seminar entitled "Telematics Law Welcoming the Metaverse Era "organized by the Legal Aid Center (PBH) Peradi Palembang, resulted in conclusions about the need for legal reform in the Metaverse era.The seminar resulted in a conclusion regarding legal instruments in Indonesia which are still weak in responding to innovations in information technology or digital technology today, especially in welcoming the Metaverse era (MKRI.id,2022).It is important to develop a digital authority to ensure synchronization and harmonization of digital policies, to ensure legal certainty.Indonesia still needs protection from basic tools that currently don't exist (MKRI.id, 2022).
Legal protection for every community activity in the Metaverse era can be done through a branch of law in Indonesia, namely Cyber Law.It is a necessity for Indonesia at this time to transform into a digital space.Therefore, an adequate legal umbrella is needed to maintain and oversee the digital space so that it can be used and utilized for things that are safe, clean, conducive, productive and beneficial to the community.On the other hand, it must also be able to guarantee the fulfillment of the community's sense of justice (Rohmy, Suratman, and Nihayati, 2021)

Metavers Regulation Formulation in Electronic Information and Transactions Law
Metaverse technology is expected to become a trend in the future.But on the one hand, Metaverse technology has the potential to pose a risk of misuse of personal data (Burhan, 2021).
Metaverse creates its own problems, ranging from technology addiction, discrimination, violence, and harassment.Some of those problems even extend to the real world (Amelia, 2021).An expert, Louis Rosenberg, who developed Augmented Reality systems for the United States Air Force, warns that the Metaverse also has a dark side that is vulnerable to corporate exploitation.With regard to monitors, Rosenberg warns that the Metaverse has the potential to take today's internet privacy and surveillance issues to a new level.Platform providers will be able to track what other people are doing, where other people are going and what others are seeing, including in this case wiretapping (Cahya, 2022).
Extended Reality, which is also part of Metaverse, is known to have its own risks, which result in the collection and processing of user data, such as personal information, activities, and even emotions expressed by users.This will certainly provide serious potential if the data is leaked or hacked by irresponsible parties.This is the main challenge for developers of Extended Reality technology as a way to realize the Metaverse.This condition is a necessity for the importance of legal protection for the community in carrying out activities in the . Law Number 19 of 2016 which is an amendment to Law Number 8 of 2011 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE), has become legal standing for Cyber Law in Indonesia (Chazawi, 2019).