Jurnal Jurisprudence
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence
<p><strong>Jurnal Jurisprudence (JJR) </strong>is an academic journal published twice a year by the Magister Law Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. This journal was first published in 2004. JJR is used as a medium for communication, information and legal development in the form of studies in the field of law. <strong>The focus and scope of this journal is the ratio decidendi from developing countries. </strong>The legal reasoning of a judge's decision in court can be from the perspective of criminal, civil, commercial, customary, religious, state administration, and state administration cases. </p> <p>Two points of substance that must be present in the article according to the scope are:</p> <p>a. (Issue) Case position regarding the description of legal facts in the decision.</p> <p>b. Description or discussion of the judge's considerations along with the verdict.</p> <p>In addition, to carry out its function as an opening bridge with other parties in the wider community, open journals accept contributions from experts from other disciplines whose focus and scope are in accordance with the provisions of the journal.</p> <p>Since Volume 2 Number 9 of 2019, Jurisprudence Journal has been accredited by the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology and indexed by SINTA with S2 level.</p>en-USnn123@ums.ac.id (Nunik Nurhayati)jurisprudence@ums.ac.id (Admin Jurisprudence)Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000OJS 3.3.0.8http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss60Constitutional Court Judges’ Constitutional Court Judges’ Interpretation Regarding the Limitation on the Presidential and Vice-Presidential Term of Office
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1835
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose of the study:</strong> This paper aims to analyze the philosophical meaning of the Constitutional Court Judges' interpretation of Decision No. 117/PUU-XX/2022 on the limitation of presidential and vice-presidential terms of office. It also seeks to examine the limitations of the presidential and vice presidential terms of office in Indonesia's legal transformation and renewal.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This normative research used the qualitative method. The writers employed development law theory, judges’ interpretation, and philosophical theory.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>It was revealed that the Constitutional Court Judges' interpretation of Decision No. 117/PUU-XX/2022 considered the grammatical, sociological, systematic, historical, comparative, and futuristic interpretations. The term limits for the president and vice president are part of Indonesia's legal reform and renewal efforts, which aim to establish a system of checks and balances among the state's highest institutions. The 1945 Constitution previously established this limitation.</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study: </strong>Since presidential and vice-presidential candidates can only hold office for two terms, this research may motivate political parties to choose candidates who exhibit integrity, morals, and character. Finding the best persons to represent the nation is therefore preferable.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of this study: </strong>There has not been any previous research that analyze<strong>s </strong>Constitutional Court Judges' interpretation of Decision No. 117/PUU-XX/2022 on the limitation of presidential and vice-presidential terms of office. The transformation and renewal of the law in Indonesia regarding term limits for the president and vice president should be guided by the applicable legal politics in Indonesia. Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections continues to be referenced in legal politics made by election organizers. The president's term of office is limited to two terms, according to Article 169 letter n and 227 letter i.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Judicial interpretation, constitutional court, term of office, president, Indonesia.</p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan Kajian:</em></strong><em> Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makna filosofis dibalik interpretasi hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Putusan Nomor 117/PUU-XX/2022 tentang pembatasan masa jabatan presiden dan wakil presiden. Selain itu juga bertujuan untuk menganalisis pembatasan masa jabatan presiden dan wakil presiden dalam transformasi dan pembaharuan hukum di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan teori hukum pembangunan dan interpretasi hakim serta teori filosofis.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Hasil Temuan Penelitian:</em></strong><em> Ditemukan bahwa interpretasi hakim konstitusi terhadap Putusan Nomor 117/PUU-XX/2022 mempertimbangkan interpretasi gramatikal, interpretasi sosiologis, interpretasi sistematis, interpretasi historis, interpretasi komparatif, dan interpretasi futuristik. Dalam transformasi dan pembaharuan hukum di Indonesia, pembatasan masa jabatan presiden dan wakil presiden bertujuan untuk menciptakan sistem check and balances antar lembaga tinggi negara. Pembatasan ini sudah sesuai dengan UUD 1945.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Aplikasi Studi</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini dapat memotivasi partai politik untuk menjadi calon presiden dan wakil presiden yang memiliki integritas, moral, dan akhlak, karena presiden dan wakil presiden hanya dapat menjabat selama dua periode. Jadi, yang terbaik adalah menemukan kandidat terbaik untuk mengabdi pada negara.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Originalitas penelitian</em></strong><em>: Belum ada penelitian sebelumnya yang menganalisis interpretasi hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Putusan Nomor 117/PUU-XX/2022 tentang pembatasan masa jabatan presiden dan wakil presiden.</em><em> Tranformasi dan pembaharuan hukum di Indonesia terhadap Pembatasan masa jabatan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden. Hendaknya berperdoman pada politik hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, politik hukum berupa pembuatan kebijakan dari penyelenggara pemilu tetap mengacu pada Undang No 7 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemilihan Umum. Pasal 169 huruf n, dan Pasal 227 huruf I yang mempertahankan masa jabatan Presiden hanya berlaku dua kali masa jabatan. </em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci</em></strong><em>: Penafsiran yudisial, mahkamah konstitusi, masa jabatan, Presiden, Indonesia</em></p>Dewi Iriani, Muhammad Fauzan , Esti Ningrum
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Jurisprudence
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1835Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000The Notary's Right of Refusal in Examination: Study of Judicial Consideration of Decision Number 1003 K/PID/2015
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1739
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research was conducted to present considerations to the judge regarding the notary's right of refusal in the case of an examination (Study on Case Decision Number 1003 K/PID/2015) and the consequences related to the notary's right utilization according to the law on the notary's office and code of ethics in Indonesia.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This research adopted normative juridical law research, employing statute and case approaches. The materials obtained from the research findings were systematically collected and classified according to the subject matter and then qualitatively analyzed.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>This research emphasized that the right of refusal in the position of a notary is contained in the notary oath of office, which prohibits disseminating the contents of the data. Regarding the consequences of the notary refusal, the notary will be discharged from witness obligations or a general testimony for the release of the notary from various demands related to all parties' interests.</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study: </strong>The study provides a reference conceptualized into norms that can be accepted and implemented in society and become a moral guideline regarding the notary's right of refusal in the case of an examination.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality: </strong>This research concerns the notary's right of refusal in the examination context and its consequences. This study focuses on the judge's consideration investigation and its relation to the law on notary office and the notary code of ethics, which are relatively uncommon in Indonesia.</p> <p><em> </em><em>Keywords: Notary, Right of Refusal, Law on Notary Office, Code of Ethics</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan pertimbangan kepada hakim mengenai hak ingkar notaris dalam perkara pemeriksaan (Studi Putusan Perkara Nomor 1003 K/PID/2015) dan akibat yang terkait dengan penggunaan hak notaris menurut hukum</em></p> <p><em>tentang jabatan notaris dan kode etik di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan kasus.</em></p> <p><em>Bahan-bahan yang diperoleh dari temuan penelitian dikumpulkan secara sistematis dan diklasifikasikan menurut pokok bahasan kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Hasil: </em></strong><em>Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa hak ingkar jabatan notaris tertuang dalam sumpah jabatan notaris yang melarang penyebarluasan isi data.</em></p> <p><em>Mengenai akibat penolakan notaris tersebut, notaris akan dibebaskan dari kewajiban saksi atau keterangan umum untuk pembebasan notaris dari berbagai tuntutan yang berkaitan dengan kepentingan semua pihak.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Aplikasi penelitian:</em></strong><em> Kajian ini memberikan acuan yang dikonseptualisasikan ke dalam norma-norma yang dapat diterima dan dilaksanakan di masyarakat serta menjadi pedoman moral mengenai hak ingkar notaris dalam hal pemeriksaan.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini menyangkut hak ingkar notaris dalam konteks pemeriksaan dan akibatnya.</em></p> <p><em>Kajian ini berfokus pada pemeriksaan pertimbangan hakim dan kaitannya dengan undang-undang jabatan notaris dan kode etik notaris yang relatif jarang ditemui di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci: </em></strong><em>Notaris, Hak Menolak, UU Jabatan Notaris, Kode Etik</em></p>Thea Farina, Nuraliah Ali, Ruzian Markom
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1739Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000Analysis of Judgement on Cancellation of Bankruptcy of Intidana Saving and Loan Cooperative (Review of the Authority to File for Bankruptcy and PKPU against Cooperatives)
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1859
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose</strong>: This scientific paper aims to analyze the review of the cancellation of the Intidana Cooperative bankruptcy associated with the authority to submit bankruptcy and PKPU to the cooperative.</p> <p><strong>Methodology</strong>: Using normative legal research methods, this study examined primary legal materials, including Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU, Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, and Decision Number 43 PK/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2022, as well as secondary journals, books, and scientific publications related to cooperative bankruptcy.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Bankruptcy proceedings against cooperatives do not have any special requirements, like those against other institutions such as banks, securities companies, stock exchanges, clearing and guarantee agencies, and other institutions. In this case, a cooperative can be petitioned for bankruptcy in the Commercial Court if it has two or more creditors and against whom a debt that is due and collectible has not been paid. The application can be filed by 2 (two) parties, namely the cooperative itself as the debtor and its creditors. The absence of regulations governing the mechanism for filing for bankruptcy in cooperatives has a negative impact on the sustainability of cooperatives. Currently, many problematic cooperatives are filing for bankruptcy and PKPU. One of the problematic cooperatives that the authors are currently studying is the Intidana Cooperative. To overcome the problems in these troubled cooperatives, the government issued SEMA Number 1 of 2022 on the Special Civil Chamber Law Formulation regarding Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations for Cooperatives, where applications for bankruptcy and PKPU statements against cooperatives can only be submitted by the Minister in charge of government affairs in the field of cooperatives, i.e., the Minister of Cooperatives and SMEs and Cooperatives that run the business of Microfinance Institutions whose licenses are from OJK can only be submitted by OJK.</p> <p><strong>Applications of the study</strong>: The government is expected to immediately make changes to the Bankruptcy Law and the Cooperatives Law in terms of the mechanism for filing bankruptcy and PKPU for cooperatives, determining clear and firm boundaries between open loop and close loop cooperatives, and where OJK will supervise cooperatives that carry out financial services business activities.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of this study</strong>: Analyzing the decision of the judge's cancellation of the Intidana Cooperative Bankruptcy in the Decision of Reconsideration is associated with the authority to submit bankruptcy and PKPU in SEMA Number 1 of 2022.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: Decision, Bankruptcy, Cooperative</strong><em>.</em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> Tulisan ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kajian pembatalan pailit Koperasi Intidana terkait dengan kewenangan mengajukan pailit dan PKPU kepada koperasi.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian ini mengkaji bahan hukum primer, antara lain Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU, Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 1992 tentang Perkoperasian, dan Putusan Nomor 43 PK/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2022, serta jurnal sekunder, buku, dan publikasi ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan kepailitan koperasi.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan:</em></strong><em> Perkara pailit terhadap koperasi tidak memiliki persyaratan khusus, seperti terhadap lembaga lain yakni bank, perusahaan sekuritas, bursa efek, lembaga kliring dan penjaminan, dan lembaga lainnya. Dalam hal ini, koperasi dapat dimohonkan pailit di Pengadilan Niaga jika mempunyai dua atau lebih kreditur dan terhadapnya suatu utang yang telah jatuh tempo dan dapat ditagih belum dibayar. Permohonan dapat diajukan oleh 2 (dua) pihak, yaitu koperasi itu sendiri sebagai debitur dan krediturnya. Tidak adanya peraturan yang mengatur tentang mekanisme pengajuan pailit pada koperasi berdampak negatif terhadap keberlangsungan koperasi. </em><em>Saat ini, banyak koperasi bermasalah yang mengajukan pailit dan PKPU. </em><em>Salah satu koperasi bermasalah yang sedang dikaji oleh penulis adalah Koperasi Intidana. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada koperasi bermasalah tersebut, pemerintah menerbitkan SEMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2022 tentang Perumusan Undang-undang Kamar Perdata Khusus tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang Koperasi, dimana permohonan pailit dan pernyataan PKPU terhadap koperasi hanya dapat diajukan oleh Menteri yang menyelenggarakan urusan pemerintahan di bidang koperasi, yaitu Menteri Koperasi dan UKM yang menyelenggarakan usaha Lembaga Keuangan Mikro, dimana izin dari OJK hanya dapat diajukan oleh OJK.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan: </em></strong><em>Pemerintah diharapkan segera melakukan perubahan terhadap UU Kepailitan dan UU Koperasi dalam hal mekanisme pengajuan pailit dan PKPU bagi koperasi, penetapan batasan yang jelas dan tegas antara koperasi open loop dan close loop, dan keberadaan OJK akan mengawasi koperasi yang melakukan kegiatan usaha jasa keuangan.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Originalitas:</em></strong><em> Menelaah Putusan Hakim Pembatalan Pailit Koperasi Intidana dalam Putusan Peninjauan Kembali dikaitkan dengan kewenangan mengajukan Pailit dan PKPU dalam SEMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2022.</em></p> <p><em> </em><strong><em>Kata kunci: </em></strong><em>Putusan, Pailit, Koperasi</em></p>Anik Triharyani, Krista Yitawati, Arini Wildaniyati , Retno Iswati , Tanawat Sirichai , Sarjiyati
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1859Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000Measuring the Boundaries of Criminal Liability for Obscene Acts in Medical Treatments (Case Study of Decision Number 114/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Idi)
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1858
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Objectives of the study: </strong>This study examined the boundaries of criminal liability for the obscene act of doctors in providing medical treatments to patients beyond their authority. In addition, this study further investigated the panel of judge <em>ratio decidendi</em> towards the case.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study employed a doctrinal method with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a qualitative analysis.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The defendant's actions in Decision Number 114/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Idi is categorized as malpractice or obscene acts, in which determining parameters are related to acts of violation of medical ethics, medical discipline and/or violations of criminal law. The assessment of the boundaries of criminal liability of doctors in the process of proving a case in court requires information from examination sessions by the MKEK and/or MKDI institutions. The role of MKEK and/or MKDI is urgent; however, their authorities are dissimilar, and the results of their examinations do not bind the criminal court decision.</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study: </strong>This study evaluated the liability of doctors in both criminal and ethical liability. In addition, this study serves as an evaluation tool for judges' logical approach.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/ Originality of this study: </strong>This study examined the criminal and ethical liability of doctors in a case study.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Malpractice, Standard Operating Procedure, Competency Standard</em></p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini mengkaji batas-batas pertanggungjawaban pidana atas perbuatan cabul dokter dalam memberikan perawatan medis kepada pasien di luar kewenangannya. Selain itu, penelitian ini menyelidiki lebih lanjut tentang pertimbangan majelis hakim (rasio decidendi) terhadap kasus tersebut.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal dengan pendekatan statute (perundang-undangan), pendekatan konseptual, dan analisis kualitatif.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan</em></strong><em>: Tindakan tergugat dalam Putusan Nomor 114/Pid.Sus/2021/PN.Idi dikategorikan sebagai malpraktik atau perbuatan cabul, dimana parameternya mengacu pada tindak pelanggaran etika kedokteran, disiplin kedokteran, dan/atau pelanggaran hukum pidana. Penilaian batas-batas pertanggungjawaban pidana dokter dalam proses pembuktian suatu perkara di pengadilan memerlukan keterangan dari sesi pemeriksaan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga MKEK dan/atau MKDI. Peran MKEK dan/atau MKDI sangat penting, namun kewenangan dua lembaga tersebut berbeda, dan hasil pemeriksaan dua lembaga ini tidak mengikat pada putusan MK.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini mengevaluasi tanggung jawab dokter dalam pertanggungjawaban pidana dan etika. Selain itu, penelitian ini berfungsi sebagai alat evaluasi untuk pendekatan logis para hakim.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas</em></strong><em>: Penelitian ini mengkaji tanggung jawab pidana dan etika para dokter dalam sebuah studi kasus.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci:</em></strong><em> Malpraktik, Standar Operasional Prosedur, Standar Kompetensi</em></p>Y.A. Triana ohoiwutun, Sapti Prihatmini, Windy Puri Astuti, Aleya Zeneizha
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1858Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000Comparison Of Legal Reasoning Models In Consideration Of Decision No. 064/G/2014/PTUN SMG, NO. 135/B/2015/PT.TUN.SBY, And No. 99/PK/TUN/2016 In The Case Of Pt Semen Gresik (Persero) Tbk Environmental Permit In Rembang Regency, Central Java
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1707
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose of the study:</strong> This study aims to understand the lawsuit of the Samin Community in Rembang Regency against Governor's Decree No. 660.1/17/2012, which permits the development and exploitation of natural resources in the Kendeng Mountains. This dispute not only shows a lawsuit but, more broadly, is the counter-hegemonic movement between local law and national law, which is marked by the victory of the Samin Community at the level of Judicial Review at the Supreme Court.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The research was carried out through observation, interview, and literature review to explain local and national legal disputes, which were analyzed qualitatively using legislation, unwritten law, and the Gramsci Counter Hegemony approach.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The study revealed that: first, local law disputes against national law in Rembang Regency occurred because of the dominance of national law over local law, which recognizes indigenous people only when stated in the law. Second, the Samin Indigenous people still adhere to traditions, myths, and ecological principles called Saminism, which only allow them to farm and serve as a cultural identity. Therefore, they may not be able to survive if they have another profession. Third, the judge's decision in the form of a caliph on earth is influenced by the soul of the mother earth community of the Samin Community and forms a new norm so that it becomes a new hegemony against national law.</p> <p><strong>Application of the study:</strong> This research can be used by law enforcers so that their legal decisions rely on not only legal positivism values but also transcendental local legal concepts.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of research: </strong>No previous research has linked the dispute over permits for constructing a cement factory in the Rembang Regency and Decision No. 99/PK/TUN/2016 with a counter-hegemonic approach and transcendental-based local laws.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong>legal comparison, legal reasoning, environmental law, court judgment</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan Kajian:</em></strong><em> Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami gugatan masyarakat Samin di Kabupaten Rembang terhadap Keputusan Gubernur No. 660.1/17/2012 yang mengizinkan pembangunan dan ekspolitasi sumber daya alam di pegunungan Kendeng. Sengketa ini tidak hanya menunjukan gugatan hukum namun yang lebih luas adalah gerakan kontra hegemoni antara hukum lokal dengan hukum nasional yang ditandai dengan kemenangan masyarakat Samin pada tingkat Peninjauan Kembali di Mahkamah Agung. </em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara, dan kajian literatur yang dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan sengketa hukum lokal dan nasional yang dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan perundang-undangan, hukum tidak tertulis dan pendekatan Kontra Hegemoni Gramsci.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Hasil-hasil:</em></strong><em> Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pertama, Sengketa hukum lokal melawan hukum nasional di Kabupaten Rembang terjadi karena adanya dominasi hukum nasional atas hukum lokal yang hanya mengakui masyarakat adat hanya jika disebutkan oleh Undang-Undang. Kedua, masyarakat Adat Samin masih berpegang pada tradisi, mitos dan prinsip-prinsip ekologis yang disebut Saminisme yang yang hanya mengizinkan mereka untuk bertani saja dan sebagai identitas budaya, sebab itu mereka tidak mungkin mampu bertahan hidup apabila berprofesi lain; dan Ketiga, Amar putusan hakim berupa khalifah di muka bumi dipengaruhi oleh jiwa masyarakat ibu bumi masyarakat Samin dan membentuk norma baru sehingga menjadi hegemoni baru melawan hukum nasional.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Aplikasi Kajian: </em></strong><em>Penelitian ini dapat digunakan bagi penegak hukum agar putusan hukumnya tidak hanya bersandar pada nilai-nilai positivisme hukum, namun juga konsep hukum lokal yang bersifat transendental.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Originalitas Penelitian:</em></strong><em> Belum ada penelitian sebelumnya yang menghubungkan sengketa izin pembangunan Pabrik Semen di Kabupaten Rembang dan putusan No. 99/PK/TUN/2016 dengan pendekatan kontra hegemoni dan hukum local berbasis transendental.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Katakunci : </em></strong><em>Perbandingan Hukum, Penalaran Hukum, Hukum Lingkungan, Putusan Pengadilan</em></p>Hery Dwi Utomo, Absori, Kachippa Suvirat , Khudzaifah Dimyati, Kelik Wardiono, Saepul Rochman
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1707Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000Judges' Consideration On Decision Number 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM Related Legitieme Portie From The Perspective Of The Civil Law Regarding The Division Of Inheritance
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1779
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The research aims to determine which comes first and is the higher heir according to law or will on the legal basis of the District Court Judge's Decision Number: 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM between JM, who sued FN, FTN, AR, and JK. In her case, as the fifth child of the heirs, plaintiff/JM demanded a fair and equitable distribution of inheritance for all the heirs, both sons and daughters, where it turned out that the inheritance was only for daughters in the will. For this reason, this study aims to analyze (1) the basis for Decision Number: 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM and determine (2) which heir takes precedence based on a will or law.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The research method used was descriptive analysis, with a normative juridical approach, i.e., library research conducted on secondary data.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The study concluded that the consideration of the judge's decision rejected the lawsuit because the lawsuit contained formal defects, was unclear or obscure (<em>obscuur libel</em>), and was unacceptable (<em>Niet Onvantkelijk Verklaard</em>). The selection of heirs based on a will must take precedence by winning the contents and distribution in a will, which is not against the law. The legal consideration is because the will is the testator's last will, but it still conflicts with the absolute portion of the legal property of the testator.</p> <p><strong>Application of this study:</strong> This study provides input to readers to better know and understand the rights of heirs in Indonesian laws and regulations.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of this study:</strong> There is a need for outreach to the community, especially couples who are getting married and notaries or related parties, in the event of a purchase or transfer of movable or immovable property which can be inherited.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Legitime Fortie; Civil law; Inheritance</em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRAK </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan: </em></strong><em>Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ahli waris yang lebih dahulu dan lebih tinggi menurut hukum atau ahli waris menurut wasiat, dengan dasar hukum Putusan Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Nomor: 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM antara JM, yang menggugat FN, FTN, AR, dan JK. Penggugat/JM, dalam perkaranya sebagai anak kelima ahli waris, menuntut adanya pembagian harta waris yang adil dan merata bagi semua anak ahli waris yang meninggal, baik putra maupun putri, yang ternyata dalam wasiat, harta peninggalan hanya untuk anak perempuan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis (1) dasar putusan Undang-Undang Nomor: 582/PDT.G/2019/PN.JKT.TIM dan mengetahui (2) manakah yang didahulukan antara ahli waris berdasarkan surat wasiat atau ahli waris berdasarkan undang-undang.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi: </em></strong><em>Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analisis, dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian kepustakaan yang dilakukan terhadap data sekunder.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan: </em></strong><em>Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pertimbangan putusan hakim menolak gugatan karena gugatan mengandung cacat formil, tidak jelas atau kabur (obscuur libel), dan gugatan tidak dapat diterima (Niet Onvantkelijk Verklaard). Pemilihan ahli waris berdasarkan wasiatlah yang harus didahulukan dengan memenangkan isi dan pembagiannya dalam suatu wasiat yang tidak bertentangan dengan hukum. Pertimbangan hukumnya adalah karena wasiat merupakan wasiat terakhir dari ahli waris tetapi tetap bertentangan dengan pembagian mutlak dari ahli waris yang sah.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan: </em></strong><em>Studi ini</em> <em>memberikan masukan kepada pembaca untuk lebih mengetahui dan memahami hak-hak ahli waris dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Originalitas: </em></strong><em>Perlu adanya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat, khususnya pasangan yang akan menikah dan kepada notaris atau pihak terkait, dalam hal terjadi pembelian atau pemindahtanganan barang bergerak atau tidak bergerak yang dapat dijadikan warisan.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci:</em></strong><em> Legitime Fortie; Hukum Perdata; Pewarisan</em></p>Mariana Zhuo, Benny Djaja
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1779Mon, 19 Jun 2023 00:00:00 +0000Critical Study of the Characteristics of the Judicial Decision on the Judicial Review of Supreme Court Decision Number 72 P/HUM/2022 on the Minimum Wage
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1867
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose of study: </strong>This study aims to analyze the conflict of norms in the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower Number 18/2022 and Government Regulation Number 36/2022 on the Minimum Wage Determination Method. As a result of the conflict, losses will be borne by business actors on the increasing minimum wage based on Government Regulation Number 36/2021 and the Regulation of Minister of Manpower Number 18/2022. This creates legal uncertainty for business actors and laborers.</p> <p><strong>Methodology:</strong></p> <p>This study was conducted using the normative (doctrinal) research method with the approach of legislation and legal reasoning<em>.</em> Data sources were taken from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials using descriptive analysis and analytical critical thinking.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The Regulation of the Minister of Manpower contradicts the Law on Manpower in conjunction with Law on Job Creation. The conflict rose because the Manpower Law in conjunction with the Job Creation Law, has limited some of the additional advances of the Wage Determination Law to only the Government Regulation level. Special subjects are: 1) the procedure of the minimum wage regulation; and 2) the formula of the minimum wage calculation. On the judicial review, the judges declared the objection to the judicial review of the petitioner unacceptable. The lawsuit was deemed premature because the Regulation in lieu of Job Creation Law has not reached <em>inkracht</em> (permanent legal force).</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study: </strong>This will be useful and beneficial for the development of legal science, especially aspects of legal reasoning involving court decisions. The results are also practical for businesses and laborers when using the methods of determining the legal and fair minimum wage.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of this study: </strong>Judge's Legal reasoning in decision number 72 P/HUM/2022 on Minimum wage was not one of the objection points of the petitioners or the answer to them. A judicial decision outside of a lawsuit, or so-called <em>ex parte </em>decision, is a decision taken by the court without involving the parties to the trial.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: Characteristics of Judge's Decision, Judicial Review, Minimum Wage Method</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em> </em><em>ABSTRAK</em><em> </em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Untuk menganalisis pertentangan norma pada Permenaker Nomor</em><em> 18/2022 </em><em>dengan PP Nomor</em><em> 36/2021</em><em>, materi pokoknya terkait metode penetapan upah minimum. Akibat pertentangan tersebut, maka k</em><em>erugian bagi pelaku usaha terhadap perbandingan kenaikan upah minimum berdasarkan PP 36/2021 dengan Permenaker 18/2022. Hal tersebut berdampak kepada ketidakpastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha dan pekerja.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong></p> <p><em>Metode penelitian normative doctrinal, dengan pendekatan Perundang-undangan, dan pendekatan penalaran hukum. Sumber data berasal dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Menggunakan analisis deskriptif analitis dan critical thinking.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>K</em><em>etentuan Permenaker bertentangan dengan UU Ketenagakerjaan juncto UU Cipta Kerja. Pertentangan tersebut, karena UU Ketenagakerjaan juncto UU Cipta Kerja telah membatasi beberapa pengaturan lanjutan dibawah UU terkait pengupahan hanya pada tingkat PP. Berlaku materi muatan yaitu: 1) tata cara penetapan upah minimum; dan 2) formula perhitungan upah minimum. Pada uji materiil, putusan Hakim, Menyatakan permohonan keberatan hak uji materiil dari Para Pemohon tersebut tidak dapat diterima. Gugatan dianggap masih premature, karena Perpu Cipta Kerja belum incrah.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Berguna dan bermanfaat bagi pengembangan ilmu hukum, khususnya aspek penalaran hukum dengan objek kajian putusan pengadilan. Berguna bagi pelaku usaha dan pekerja dalam pemilihan metode penetapan upah minimum, yang berkepastian hukum dan berkeadilan</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Legal reasoning </em><em>hakim pada putusan nomor 72 P/HUM/2022 tentang Upah Minimum, bukan merupakan salah satu poin keberatan para pemohon maupun poin jawaban dari termohon. Putusan Hakim, diluar gugatan atau disebut ex parte decision, yaitu keputusan yang diambil oleh pengadilan tanpa melibatkan para pihak dalam persidangan. </em><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata Kunci: Karakteristik Putusan Hakim, Uji Materiil, Metode Upah Minimum</em></strong></p>Nurjannah Septyanun, Yogi Hadi Ismanto, Dwi Martini, Yulias Erwin
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1867Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000Dissenting Opinion on the Constitutionality of Capital Punishment for Narcotics Crime
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1794
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong>This paper aimed to answer the issues of the judicial analysis of cases No. 2 and 3/PUU-V/2007 and the reasons the judge assembly chose to present dissenting opinions.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This research employed the normative juridical method. It applied literary materials as well as the literary and statute approaches. The statute approach functioned to analyze regulations that became the judges' consideration sources.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The Constitutional Court assessed whether the crime of narcotics punishable by death is the most serious crime. According to the Constitutional Court, the phrase “the most serious crimes” must also be recited with the phrase “according to the law that is applicable during the occurrence of that crime.” The Constitutional Court assessed that at the national level, the law applicable at that time was the Law on Narcotics. Then, at the international level, Indonesia ratified the International Convention on Narcotics and Psychotropics in 1997. The Constitutional Court argued that capital punishment was constitutional based on Article 28J Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution stating that, “In exercising his/her rights and freedoms, every person shall have the duty to accept the restrictions established by law for the sole purposes of guaranteeing the recognition and respect of the rights and freedoms of others and of satisfying just demands based upon considerations of morality, religious values, security and public order in a democratic society.”</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study: </strong>Society and the government can use this research's results to understand why the death penalty is constitutional in Indonesia. It will motivate both parties to avoid committing crimes, particularly the serious ones.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality of this study:</strong> This writing proves how capital punishment is constitutional in the Indonesian legal system.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong> <em>Narcotics, Drugs, Capital Punishment, Constitutional Court, Decision, Constitutional, Death Penalty.</em></p> <p> </p> <p><em><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></em><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan</em></strong><em><strong>:</strong> Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab persoalan analisis hukum perkara No. 2 dan 3/PUU-V/2007 serta alasan mengapa majelis hakim mengajukan pendapat berbeda.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi</em></strong><em><strong>:</strong> Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan metode yuridis normatif. Peneliti mengguakan bahan-bahan kepustakaan serta pendekatan pustaka dan undang-undang. Pendekatan undang-undang bertujuan untuk menganalisis peraturan yang menjadi sumber pertimbangan hakim.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan</em></strong><em><strong>:</strong> Mahkamah Konstitusi mengevaluasi apakah tindak pidana narkotika yang diancam dengan hukuman mati merupakan tindak pidana yang paling berat. Menurut Mahkamah Konstitusi, kata “kejahatan yang paling berat” juga harus diartikan bersama dengan kata “menurut hukum yang berlaku selama terjadinya kejahatan tersebut”. Mahkamah Konstitusi menilai bahwa hukum yang berlaku secara nasional adalah UU Narkotika. Sedangkan di tingkat internasional, Indonesia mengesahkan Konvensi Internasional Narkotika dan Psikotropika pada tahun 1997. Mahkamah Konstitusi berpendapat bahwa pidana mati bersifat konstitusional berdasarkan Pasal 28J Ayat (2) UUD 1945 yang berbunyi, “Dalam menjalankan hak dan kebebasannya,setiap orang wajib tunduk kepada pembatasan yang ditetapkan dengan undang-undang dengan maksud untuk menjamin pengakuan serta penghormatan atas hak kebebasan orang lain dan untuk memenuhi tuntutan yang adil sesuai dengan pertimbangan moral, nilai-nilai agama, keamanan, dan ketertiban umum dalam suatu masyarakat demokratis.” </em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan</em></strong><em><strong>:</strong> Masyarakat dan pemerintah dapat mengaplikasikan hasil penelitian ini agar memahami mengapa hukuman mati bersifat konstitusional di Indonesia. Hal ini akan memotivasi kedua belah pihak untuk menghindari perbuatan kejahatan, terutama kejahatan serius.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas</em></strong><em><strong>:</strong> Tulisan ini membuktikan bagaimana pidana mati bersifat konstitusional dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. </em></p> <p><em><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Narkotika, Narkoba, Hukuman Mati, Pengadilan Konstitusional, Putusan, Konstitusional, Hukuman Mati</em></p>Ernesto Palevo, Jamal Hi Arsad, Faisal Faisal, Amin Muhammad, Fatma Laha, Sultan Alwan
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1794Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000Jurisprudence as a Source of Law in Indonesia: Lessons from the Common Law
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1967
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study analyzes the applicability of jurisprudence in Indonesia and the extent to which its role can influence the decisions of other judges. It also scrutinizes the role of jurisprudence in common law system country to comprehend how jurisprudence have strong influence in court decision.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The research method used is juridical normative wherein this research analyzes several court decisions in Indonesia and Australia. This research also utilizes secondary data in the form of literature and relevant laws and regulations relating to jurisprudence.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> This study found that the lack of use of jurisprudence would lead to inconsistencies, i.e., disparities. Nonetheless, jurisprudence as a source of law has its own merits and shortcoming. Therefore, albeit Indonesia should apply jurisprudence, it must be applied prudently.</p> <p><strong>Applications: </strong>This study provides the analysis of jurisprudence in common law system as the basis to strengthen the role of jurisprudence in Indonesia as a civil law country.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality: </strong>This study compares the use of jurisprudence as a source of law in Indonesia and Australia as well as analyzed the practical use of jurisprudence in Indonesian court decisions.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Jurisprudence, Indonesia, Common Law System</em></p> <p><em> </em><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> Penelitian </em><em>ini menganalisis penerapan yurisprudensi di Indonesia dan sejauh mana perannya dapat mempengaruhi keputusan hakim. Penelitian ini juga meneliti peran yurisprudensi dalam negara dengan sistem common law untuk memahami bagaimana yurisprudensi memiliki pengaruh kuat dalam putusan pengadilan.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dimana penelitian ini menganalisis beberapa putusan pengadilan di Indonesia dan Australia. Penelitian ini juga memanfaatkan data sekunder berupa literatur dan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait yang berkaitan dengan yurisprudensi.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Temuan:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kurangnya penggunaan yurisprudensi akan menyebabkan pada inkonsistensi dalam putusan, atau dengan kata lain disparitas putusan. Meskipun demikian, yurisprudensi sebagai sumber hukum memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangannya sendiri. Oleh karena itu, meskipun Indonesia sebaiknya menerapkan yurisprudensi, yurisprudensi harus diterapkan dengan hati-hati. </em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>Penelitian ini memberikan analisis yurisprudensi dalam sistem common law sebagai dasar untuk memperkuat peran yurisprudensi di Indonesia sebagai negara civil law.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini membandingkan penggunaan yurisprudensi sebagai sumber hukum di Indonesia dan Australia serta menganalisis penggunaan praktis yurisprudensi dalam putusan pengadilan di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kata kunci:</em></strong><em> Yurisprudensi, Indonesia, Common Law</em></p>Muhammad Jibril, Melodia Puji Inggarwati, I Wayan Bhayu Eka Pratama, Antonius Prabu Soeryo Legowo, Mario Jon Jordi
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1967Wed, 26 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000Constitutional Perspective of Human Rights Values in Local Wisdom in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (Study of Constitutional Court Decision No. 88/PUU-XIV/2016)
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1846
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This research aims to (1) explore the local wisdom values of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), which can constitutionally strengthen human rights values in Indonesia, and (2) analyze the judge's consideration of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 88/PUU-XIV/2016 from the perspective of universalism versus particularism of human rights in Indonesia.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This normative legal research employed a philosophical and statutory approach. This research used only secondary data consisting of primary and secondary legal materials refined through Focus Group Discussion. The data were then analyzed by descriptive qualitative philosophy to find the meaning behind the object under study through data reduction, classification, interpretation, display, and drawing conclusions.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that (1) constitutional human rights values in DIY’s local wisdom are explicitly stated in the DIY Regional Regulations (<em>Perda</em>) and Special Regional Regulations (<em>Perdais</em>). DIY’s local wisdom can philosophically strengthen human rights values in Indonesia based on Pancasila, confirming that Pancasila as a constitutional identity crystallizes cultural customs and religious values throughout Indonesia. (2) The judges’ opinion for the Constitutional Court Decision No. 88/PUU-XIV/2016 is relative-particular; other than human rights is universal as there is no differentiation between the male and female to be the Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region, in the particular case of Yogyakarta, it remains upholding the local wisdom values as the requirement to be the Governor of Yogyakarta Special Region, where he shall be the reigning monarch of Sultan Hamengku Buwono, and the requirement to be the <em>Sultan </em>relies on the hereditary internal law of the <em>Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat </em>(Yogyakarta Palace) since 1755.</p> <p><strong>Applications of the study: </strong>This study is applied (1) to maintain and preserve the local wisdom values of the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) for the upholding of human rights in Indonesia as mandated by the 1945 Constitution and (2) to support the government’s program in the 2019-2024 RANHAM so that every Indonesian’s human rights receive perfect protection, in which the administrators of state power uphold human rights values in carrying out their duties to serve the community.</p> <p><strong>Novelty/Originality: </strong>This research explored the local wisdom values of the DIY which can strengthen human rights values in Indonesia from various existing regulations in DIY with a broader approach, including raising local wisdom from human rights enforcement cases in Indonesia.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Constitutional Perspective, Human Rights, DIY’s Local Wisdom, Constitutional Court Decision No. 88/PUU-XIV/2016</p> <p> </p> <p><em><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></em><em> </em></p> <p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menggali nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) yang secara konstitusional dapat memperkuat nilai-nilai HAM di Indonesia dan (2) menganalisis pertimbangan hakim terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 88/PUU-XIV/2016 dari perspektif universalisme versus partikularisme hak asasi manusia di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Metodologi:</em></strong><em> Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan filosofis dan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini hanya menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan sekunder yang disempurnakan melalui Focus Group Discussion. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis dengan filosofi kualitatif deskriptif untuk menemukan makna dibalik objek yang diteliti melalui reduksi data, klasifikasi, interpretasi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan.</em></p> <p><em><strong>Temuan</strong>:</em><em> Kajian menunjukkan bahwa (1) nilai-nilai konstitusional HAM dalam kearifan lokal DIY dinyatakan secara eksplisit dalam Peraturan Daerah (Perda) dan Peraturan Daerah Khusus (Perdais) DIY. Kearifan lokal DIY dapat memperkuat nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia di Indonesia secara filosofis berdasarkan Pancasila dan menegaskan bahwa Pancasila sebagai identitas konstitusional merupakan kristalisasi adat budaya dan nilai-nilai agama di seluruh nusantara. (2) Pendapat hakim terhadap Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 88/PUU-XIV/2016 bersifat relatif-khusus; selain hak asasi manusia bersifat universal karena tidak ada perbedaan antara laki-laki dan perempuan untuk menjadi Gubernur Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, khusus Yogyakarta, tetap menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai kearifan lokal sebagai syarat untuk menjadi Gubernur Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, di mana beliau akan menjadi raja yang bertahta Sultan Hamengku Buwono dan syarat menjadi Sultan didasarkan pada hukum internal turun temurun dari Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat (Istana Yogyakarta) sejak tahun 1755.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Kegunaan kajian:</em></strong><em> Penelitian ini diterapkan untuk (1) menjaga dan melestarikan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) untuk penegakan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh UUD 1945 dan (2) untuk mendukung program pemerintah dalam RANHAM 2019-2024 agar hak asasi manusia setiap orang di Indonesia mendapat perlindungan yang sempurna, di mana penyelenggara kekuasaan negara menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia dalam menjalankan tugasnya melayani masyarakat.</em></p> <p><em><strong>Kebaruan/Orisinalitas</strong>:</em><em> Penelitian ini menggali nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) yang dapat memperkuat nilai-nilai HAM di Indonesia dari berbagai regulasi yang ada di DIY dengan pendekatan yang lebih luas, termasuk mengangkat kearifan lokal dari kasus-kasus penegakan HAM di Indonesia.</em></p> <p><em><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Perspektif Konstitusi, Hak Asasi Manusia, Kearifan Lokal DIY, Putusan MK No. 88/PUU-XIV/2016</em></p>Triwahyuningsih Triwahyuningsih, Siti Zuliyah, Uni Tsulasi Putri, Hanifah Febriani, Zulfiani Ayu Astutik
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https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/1846Fri, 28 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000Legal Research on The Return of State Financial Losses Through Additional Punishment of Restitution Payments Based on Judge's Consideration (Comparative Study Between Indonesia and South Africa)
https://journals2.ums.ac.id/index.php/jurisprudence/article/view/2171
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose of the study (<em>Tujuan</em>):</strong></p> <p>This study aims to ascertain the judge's consideration in determining additional punishment and describe the problematic implementation of the judge’s consideration (Comparative study of Indonesia and South Africa).</p> <p><strong>Methodology:</strong>This study’s type is normative juridical legal research. This approach was employed to obtain a description of the analysis of legal regulations governing restitution as an additional punishment for corruption offenses. The case approach is normative juridical research aimed at studying the application of legal norms or rules carried out in legal practice. Concerning this research, the example of a case to be studied was a corruption case with permanent legal force, namely the Corruption Court Decision (Comparative study between Indonesia and South Africa). Primary data were specifically gathered to answer research questions by interview method. The data analysis technique utilized was a qualitative analysis technique using the interactive method.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong>Based on the results of the aforementioned research, 1) South Africa uses the asset recovery system and involves third parties. In corruption cases in South Africa, the courts seek to ensure that money lost due to corruption is returned to the state. On February 25, 2019, the president of South Africa announced that a special court would be established in accordance with section 2 (1) of the Special Investigative Units and Courts Act, Act No. 74 of 1996, to hear cases arising in court proceedings. 2) In Indonesia, judges have obstacles in interpreting Article 18 of Law No. 31 of 1999 on Corruption Crime Law. The additional restitution punishment is regulated in Article 18 of Law Number 31 of 1999, and the general explanation states, "This law also contains imprisonment for perpetrators of corruption crimes who cannot pay additional punishment in the form of restitution for state losses." However, in practice, the implementation of court decisions on restitution turns out to experience many obstacles because the convicted person does not want to pay and prefers substitute imprisonment or is unable to pay because his property no longer exists. 3) The dualism of sentencing money payment in lieu of additional punishment exists. On the one hand, the judge can decide whether to impose an additional penalty. On the other hand, it is not the case in several corruption cassation decisions, which interpret restitution payments as mandatory, where the <em>judex facti </em>has misapplied the law; it is because the <em>judex facti </em>did not impose restitution payments on the defendant.</p> <p><strong>Applications of this study:</strong>Explaining the problematic legal system of returning state financial losses due to corruption crimes through additional compensation payments based on substance factors is contained in Article 18 (1) point b of Law on Corruption Crime.</p> <p><strong>Novelty:</strong>The reconstruction of legal substance needs to be prepared so that there is no overlap in the treatment of evidence that uses the instrument of Article 46 Section (1) point c of the Criminal Procedure Code and Article 33 of Law Number 31 of 1999 on the Eradication of Corruption to create guidelines/technical instructions to determine which alifications / parameters /mechanisms / methods / criteria of evidence that use the instrument from both regulations.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> corruption, judge’s consideration, </em><em>state financial losses</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p><strong>Tujuan</strong>:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hakim dalam menetapkan pidana tambahan dan mendeskripsikan problematika pelaksanaan pertimbangan hakim (Studi banding Indonesia dan Afrika Selatan). <strong>Metodologi:</strong> Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang analisis peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang restitusi sebagai pidana tambahan bagi tindak pidana korupsi. Pendekatan kasus adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari penerapan norma atau aturan hukum yang dilakukan dalam praktek hukum. Dalam penelitian ini, contoh kasus yang akan diteliti adalah kasus korupsi yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap, yaitu Putusan Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Studi Perbandingan antara Indonesia dan Afrika Selatan). Data primer dikumpulkan secara khusus untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian dengan metode wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis kualitatif dengan metode interaktif.</p> <p><strong>Hasil:</strong>Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas, 1) Afrika Selatan menggunakan sistem pemulihan aset dan melibatkan pihak ketiga. Dalam kasus korupsi di Afrika Selatan, pengadilan berusaha memastikan bahwa uang yang hilang akibat korupsi dikembalikan ke negara. Pada tanggal 25 Februari 2019, presiden Afrika Selatan mengumumkan bahwa pengadilan khusus akan dibentuk sesuai dengan pasal 2 (1) Undang-Undang Unit Investigasi Khusus dan Pengadilan, Undang-Undang No. 74 tahun 1996, untuk mengadili kasus-kasus yang timbul dalam proses pengadilan . 2) Di Indonesia, hakim memiliki kendala dalam menafsirkan Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Pidana tambahan restitusi diatur dalam Pasal 18 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999, dan penjelasan umumnya menyebutkan, “UU ini juga memuat pidana penjara bagi pelaku tindak pidana korupsi yang tidak dapat membayar pidana tambahan berupa penggantian kerugian negara.” Namun dalam praktiknya, pelaksanaan putusan pengadilan tentang restitusi ternyata banyak mengalami kendala karena terpidana tidak mau membayar dan lebih memilih pidana penjara pengganti atau tidak mampu membayar karena hartanya sudah tidak ada. 3) Adanya dualisme pidana pembayaran uang sebagai pengganti pidana tambahan. Di satu sisi, hakim dapat memutuskan apakah akan menjatuhkan hukuman tambahan. Sebaliknya, tidak demikian halnya dalam beberapa putusan kasasi korupsi yang mengartikan pembayaran restitusi sebagai wajib, di mana judex facti telah salah menerapkan hukum; Hal itu karena judex facti tidak membebankan pembayaran restitusi kepada terdakwa.</p> <p><strong>Kegunaan:</strong>Penjelasan sistem hukum bermasalah pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi melalui pembayaran ganti kerugian tambahan berdasarkan faktor substansi terdapat dalam Pasal 18 (1) huruf b UU Tindak Pidana Korupsi.</p> <p><strong>Kebaruan</strong>: Rekonstruksi substansi hukum perlu disiapkan agar tidak terjadi tumpang tindih dalam perlakuan alat bukti yang menggunakan instrumen Pasal 46 Ayat (1) huruf c KUHAP dan Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan.Tipikor untuk membuat pedoman/petunjuk teknis untuk menentukan kualifikasi / parameter / mekanisme/metode /kriteria pembuktian mana yang menggunakan instrumen dari kedua peraturan tersebut.</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> korupsi, pertimbangan hakim, kerugian keuangan negara</p>Jaco Barkhuizen, Singgih Purnomo, Rina Arum, Dr. Du Ngoc Bich
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